Table 3 Pearson correlation coefficient between the parameters describing the full DFE and N_e for all amino acid changing mutations and GC-conservative mutations

Model	DFE parameters	All	GC-conservative
M3S	\|S_d\|	0.91 (0.88 to 0.93)	0.75 (0.88 to 0.56)
	\|s_d\|	0.76 (0.66 to 0.85)	0.44 (0.04 to 0.77)
	% S_d ≤ -10	0.88 (0.82 to 0.93)	0.67 (0.50 to 0.83)
	% -10 < S_d ≤ -1	−0.88 (−0.93 to −0.82)	−0.68 (−0.83 to −0.50)
	% -1 < S_d ≤ 0	−0.88 (−0.93 to −0.82)	−0.67 (−0.83 to −0.50)
Model average (M3I, M3S, M2I, M2S)	p_b	−0.18 (−0.48 to 0.20)	−0.32 (−0.68 to 0.10)
	S_b	−0.07 (−0.48 to 0.28)	−0.35 (−0.52 to 0.06)
	p_b × S_b	−0.14 (−0.48 to 0.16)	−0.32 (−0.51 to 0.12)

The 95% confidence intervals in parentheses are based on 100 bootstrap replicates. All these correlations have been cross-validated using a phylogenetically aware regression analysis.