Table 4 The statistical cross-fostering design matrix
CombinationCoefficients
Raodoioamdmcmoddmo
M11O1110001
M11O2110010
M12O1111000
M12O2110−100
M12O1210100
M12O221−1000
M22O12100−10
M22O221000−1
• The rows are labeled to reflect the corresponding maternal–offspring genotype combination, as in Table 3 [given as MijOkl, where Mij is the unordered genotype of the mother (with i and j being the two alleles she has at the focal locus) and Okl is the ordered genotype of the offspring (with again, k and l being the two alleles that the offspring has at the focal locus]. The columns labeled “Coefficients” correspond to the index scores used in a regression model to fit the intercept or reference point for the model (R), the three direct genetic effects (ao, do, and io), and the two maternal effects (am and dm). The last two columns correspond to terms that we do not interpret here because they do not correspond to independent effects of the maternal and offspring genomes. The first of these, cmo, is the confounded effect (see text) and the second, dd, is an interaction between the dominance effects in mothers and their offspring (see Discussion)