TABLE 1

Definitions of parameters

 N Diploid population size N1, N2 Effective population size at the Fav and the Neu locus, respectively s, t Selection coefficients of favorable and deleterious alleles, respectively r1, r2 Recombination fraction between Del and Fav and between Fav and Neu, respectively α Strength of directional selection = 2Ns u Rate of deleterious mutations per generation per locus uf Rate of favorable mutations per generation per population μ Rate of neutral mutations per generation per locus (nucleotide) Π Reduction factor of the fixation probability of favorable mutations Φ Fixation probability of favorable mutations fH, fB Reduction factors of the stationary level of heterozygosity due to recurrent hitchhiking events and background selection, respectively h Reduction of heterozygosity due to a single hitchhiking event π Heterozygosity per nucleotide θ Expected heterozygosity without hitchhiking (= 4N2μ) H Cumulative heterozygosity of one trajectory of a neutral allele pa, pB Allele frequencies of a and B, respectively ρ Recombination rate per nucleotide per generation τ Number of generations until the last hitchhiking event ν Number of advantageous substitutions per generation per nucleotide