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Structure and Evolution of the Actin Gene Family in Arabidopsis thaliana

John M. McDowell, Shurong Huang, Elizabeth C. McKinney, Yong-Qiang An and Richard B. Meagher
Genetics February 1, 1996 vol. 142 no. 2 587-602
John M. McDowell
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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Shurong Huang
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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Elizabeth C. McKinney
Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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Yong-Qiang An
Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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Richard B. Meagher
Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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  • For correspondence: meagher@bscr.uga.edu
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Abstract

Higher plants contain families of actin-encoding genes that are divergent and differentially expressed. Progress in understanding the functions and evolution of plant actins has been hindered by the large size of the actin gene families. In this study, we characterized the structure and evolution of the actin gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana. DNA blot analyses with gene-specific probes suggested that all 10 of the Arabidopsis actin gene family members have been isolated and established that Arabidopsis has a much simpler actin gene family than other plants that have been examined. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that the Arabidopsis gene family contains at least two ancient classes of genes that diverged early in land plant evolution and may have separated vegetative from reproductive actins. Subsequent divergence produced a total of six distinct subclasses of actin, and five showed a distinct pattern of tissue specific expression. The concordance of expression patterns with the phylogenetic structure is discussed. These subclasses appear to be evolving independently, as no evidence of gene conversion was found. The Arabidopsis actin proteins have an unusually large number of nonconservative amino acid substitutions, which mapped to the surface of the actin molecule, and should effect protein-protein interactions.

  • Received August 10, 1995.
  • Accepted October 27, 1995.
  • Copyright © 1996 by the Genetics Society of America
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Structure and Evolution of the Actin Gene Family in Arabidopsis thaliana

John M. McDowell, Shurong Huang, Elizabeth C. McKinney, Yong-Qiang An and Richard B. Meagher
Genetics February 1, 1996 vol. 142 no. 2 587-602
John M. McDowell
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Shurong Huang
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Elizabeth C. McKinney
Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Yong-Qiang An
Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Richard B. Meagher
Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: meagher@bscr.uga.edu
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Citation

Structure and Evolution of the Actin Gene Family in Arabidopsis thaliana

John M. McDowell, Shurong Huang, Elizabeth C. McKinney, Yong-Qiang An and Richard B. Meagher
Genetics February 1, 1996 vol. 142 no. 2 587-602
John M. McDowell
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Shurong Huang
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Elizabeth C. McKinney
Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Yong-Qiang An
Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Richard B. Meagher
Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: meagher@bscr.uga.edu

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