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Laura E Rose
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doi:10.1534/genetics.106.063602
A more recent version of this article appeared on March 1, 2007.
REGULAR RESEARCH PAPERS |
Natural variation in the Pto disease resistance gene within species of wild tomato (Lycopersicon) II. Population genetics of Pto
Laura E Rose 1*, Richard W. Michelmore 2 and Charles H. Langley 2
1 University of Munich
2 University of California
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rose{at}zi.biologie.uni-muenchen.de.
Submitted on July 16, 2006
Revised on August 15, 2006
Accepted on 8 December 2006
Disease resistance to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) in the host species Lycopersicon esculentum, the cultivated tomato, and the closely related L. pimpinellifolium is triggered by the physical interaction between the protein products of the host resistance (R) gene, Pto, and the pathogen avirulence genes, AvrPto and AvrPtoB. Sequence variation at the Pto locus was surveyed in natural populations of seven species of Lycopersicon to test hypotheses of host-parasite coevolution and functional adaptation of the Pto gene. Pto shows significantly higher nonsynonymous polymorphism than fourteen other non R-gene loci in the same samples of Lycopersicon species, while showing no difference in synonymous polymorphism, suggesting that the maintenance of amino acid polymorphism at this locus is mediated by pathogen selection. Also a larger proportion of ancestral variation is maintained at Pto as compared to these non R-gene loci. The frequency spectrum of amino acid polymorphisms known to negatively affect Pto function is skewed toward low frequency compared to amino acid polymorphisms that do not affect function or silent polymorphisms. Therefore the evolution of Pto appears to be dominated by a mixture of both purifying and balancing selection.
Key Words: Pto, coevolution, natural selection, resistance to pathogens, tomato
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