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doi:10.1534/genetics.106.061200
A more recent version of this article appeared on November 1, 2006.
REGULAR RESEARCH PAPERS |
Cumulative effects of spontaneous mutations for fitness in Caenorhabditis: role of genotype, environment and stress
Charles F Baer 1*, Naomi Phillips 2, Dejerianne Ostrow 1, Arian Avalos 1, Dustin Blanton 1, Ashley Boggs 1, Thomas Keller 1, Laura Levy 1 and Edward Mezerhane 1
1 University of Florida
2 Arcadia University
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: cbaer{at}zoo.ufl.edu.
Submitted on May 23, 2006
Revised on July 5, 2006
Accepted on 25 July 2006
It is often assumed that the mutation rate is an evolutionarily optimized property of a taxon. The relevant mutation rate is for mutations that affect fitness, U, but the strength of selection on the mutation rate depends on the average effect of a mutation. Determination of U is complicated by the possibility that mutational effects depend on the particular environmental context in which the organism exists. It has been suggested that the effects of deleterious mutations are typically magnified in stressful environments, but most studies confound genotype with environment, so it is unclear to what extent environmental specificity of mutations is specific to a particular starting genotype. We report a study designed to separate effects of species, genotype, and environment on the degradation of fitness resulting from new mutations. Mutations accumulated for >200 generations at 20º in two strains of two species of nematodes that differ in thermal sensitivity. Caenorhabditis briggsae and C. elegans have similar demography at 20º, but C. elegans suffers markedly reduced fitness at 25º. We find little evidence that mutational properties differ depending on environmental conditions and mutational correlations between environments are close to those expected if effects were identical in both environments.
Key Words: mutation accumulation, mutation rate, mutational correlation, mutational variance, nematode
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