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doi:10.1534/genetics.106.058453
A more recent version of this article appeared on October 1, 2006.
REGULAR RESEARCH PAPERS |
Natural Isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Display Complex Genetic Variation in Sporulation Efficiency
Justin P Gerke 1, Christina TL Chen 1 and Barak A Cohen 1*
1 Washington University School of Medicine
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: cohen{at}genetics.wustl.edu.
Submitted on March 21, 2006
Revised on May 24, 2006
Accepted on 1 August 2006
Sporulation is a well-studied process executed with varying efficiency by diverse yeast strains. We developed a high-throughput method to quantify yeast sporulation efficiency and used this technique to analyze a line-cross between a high efficiency oak tree isolate and a low efficiency wine strain. We find that natural variation in sporulation efficiency mirrors natural variation in higher eukaryotes: it shows divergence between isolated populations, arises from loci of major effect, and exhibits epistasis. We show that the lower sporulation efficiency of the wine strain results from a failure to initiate sporulation, rather than from slower kinetics of meiosis and spore formation. The two strains differentially regulate many genes involved in aerobic respiration, an essential pathway for sporulation, such that the oak tree strain appears better poised to generate energy from this pathway. We also report that a polymorphism in RME1 that affects sporulation efficiency in laboratory strains also co-segregates with significant phenotypic differences in our cross of natural isolates. These results lay the groundwork for the study of variation in sporulation efficiency among natural isolates of yeast.
Key Words: Gene Expression, Natural Variation, Quantitative Genetics, Yeast Sporulation
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