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doi:10.1534/genetics.105.050542
A more recent version of this article appeared on March 1, 2006.
REGULAR RESEARCH PAPERS |
Transposon Insertions of magellan-4 that Impair Social Gliding Motility in Myxococcus xanthus
Philip A Youderian 1 and Patricia Hartzell 2*
1 Texas A&M University
2 University of Idaho
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hartzell{at}uidaho.edu.
Submitted on September 2, 2005
Revised on October 14, 2005
Accepted on 31 October 2005
Myxococcus xanthus has two different mechanisms of motility, adventurous (A) motility, which permits individual cells to glide over solid surfaces, and social (S) motility, which permits groups of cells to glide. To identify the genes involved in S-gliding motility, we mutagenized a 
aglU (A-) strain with the defective transposon, magellan-4, and screened for S- mutants that form non-motile colonies. Sequence analysis of the sites of the magellan-4 insertions in these mutants and the alignment of these sites with the M. xanthus genome sequence shows that two-thirds of these insertions lie within 27 of the 37 nonessential genes known to be required for social motility, including those necessary for the biogenesis of type IV pili, exopolysaccharide, and lipopolysaccharide. The remaining insertions also identify 31 new, nonessential genes predicted to encode both structural and regulatory determinants of S motility. These include three tetratricopeptide repeat proteins, several regulators of transcription that may control the expression of genes involved in pilus extension and retraction, and additional enzymes involved in polysaccharide metabolism. Three insertions that abolish S motility lie within genes predicted to encode glycolytic enzymes, suggesting that the signal for pilus retraction may be a simple product of exopolysaccharide catabolism.
Key Words: gliding, glycogen phosphorylase, transposon mutagenesis, twitching, type IV pili
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