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doi:10.1534/genetics.104.033167
A more recent version of this article appeared on March 1, 2005.
REGULAR RESEARCH PAPERS |
Chromosome Loss Followed by Duplication is the Major Mechanism of Mating Type Locus Homozygosis in Candida albicans
Wei Wu 1, Claude Pujol 1, Shawn R. Lockhart 1 and David R. Soll 1*
1 The University of Iowa
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: david-soll{at}uiowa.edu.
Submitted on July 7, 2004
Revised on August 13, 2004
Accepted on 3 December 2004
Candida albicans, which is diploid, possesses a single mating type (MTL) locus on chromosome 5, which is normally heterozygous (a/
). To mate, C. albicans must undergo MTL-homozygosis to a/a or /. Three possible mechanisms may be used in this process, mitotic recombination, gene conversion or loss of one chromosome 5 homolog, followed by duplication of the retained homolog. To distinguish between these mechanisms, sixteen spontaneous a/a and / derivatives were cloned from four natural a/ strains, P37037, P37039, P75063 and P34048, grown on nutrient agar. Eighteen polymorphic (heterozygous) markers were identified on chromosome 5, six to the left and 12 to the right of the MTL locus. These markers were then analyzed in MTL-homozygous derivatives of the four natural a/ strains to distinguish between the three mechanisms of homozygosis. An analysis of polymorphisms on chromosomes 1, 2 and R excluded meiosis as a mechanism of MTL-homozygosis. The results demonstrate that while mitotic recombination was the mechanism for homozygosis in one offspring, loss of one chromosome 5 homolog followed by duplication of the retained homolog was the mechanism in the remaining fifteen offspring, indicating that the latter mechanism is the most common in the spontaneous generation of MTL-homozygotes in natural strains of C. albicans in culture.
Key Words: Candida mating type loci, MTL-homozygosis, chromosome 5 loss, mitotic recombination
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