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doi:10.1534/genetics.104.032987
A more recent version of this article appeared on January 1, 2005.
REGULAR RESEARCH PAPERS |
Non-additive gene expression in diploid and triploid hybrids of maize
Donald Auger 1, Anjali Dogra Gray 2, Thomas S. Ream 3, Akio Kato 4, Edward H. Coe, Jr. 5 and James A. Birchler 4*
1 South Dakota State University
2 University of Toledo
3 Washington Unversity, St. Louis
4 University of Missouri
5 University of Missouri; USDA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: birchlerj{at}missouri.edu.
Submitted on June 29, 2004
Revised on August 30, 2004
Accepted on 1 October 2004
The molecular basis of hybrid vigor (heterosis) has remained unknown despite the importance of this phenomenon in evolution and in practical breeding programs. In order to formulate a molecular basis of heterosis, an understanding of gene expression in inbred and hybrid states is needed. In this study, we examined the amount of various transcripts in hybrid and inbred individuals (B73 and Mo17) to determine whether the quantities of specific messenger RNAs were additive or non-additive in the hybrids. Further, we examined the levels of the same transcripts in hybrid triploid individuals that had received unequal genomic contributions, one haploid genome from one parent and two from the other. If allelic expression were merely the additive value in hybrids from the two parents, the midparent values would be observed. Our study revealed that a substantial number of genes do not exhibit the midparent value of expression in hybrids. Instead, transcript levels in the diploid hybrids correlate negatively with the levels in diploid inbreds. Although transcript levels were clearly non-additive, transcript levels in triploid hybrids were affected by genomic dosage.
Key Words: additivity, gene expression, genomic dosage, heterosis, triploids
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