Originally published as Genetics Published Articles Ahead of Print on May 15, 2006.

Genetics, Vol. 173, 2199-2210, August 2006, Copyright © 2006
doi:10.1534/genetics.106.060699

Cis-transcriptional Variation in Maize Inbred Lines B73 and Mo17 Leads to Additive Expression Patterns in the F₁ Hybrid

Robert M. Stupar and Nathan M. Springer¹

Center for Plant and Microbial Genomics, Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108

¹ Corresponding author: Department of Plant Biology, 250 Biological Sciences Center, 1445 Gortner Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108.
E-mail: springer{at}umn.edu

Microarray analysis of gene expression patterns in immature ear, seedling, and embryo tissues from the maize inbred lines B73 and Mo17 identified numerous genes with variable expression. Some genes had detectable expression in only one of the two inbreds; most of these genes were detected in the genomic DNA of both inbreds, indicating that the expression differences are likely caused by differential regulation rather than by differences in gene content. Gene expression was also monitored in the reciprocal F₁ hybrids B73 x Mo17 and Mo17 x B73. The reciprocal F₁ hybrid lines did not display parental effects on gene expression levels. Approximately 80% of the differentially expressed genes displayed additive expression patterns in the hybrids relative to the inbred parents. The 20% of genes that display nonadditive expression patterns tend to be expressed at levels within the parental range, with minimal evidence for novel expression levels greater than the high parent or less than the low parent. Analysis of allele-specific expression patterns in the hybrid suggested that intraspecific variation in gene expression levels is largely attributable to cis-regulatory variation in maize. Collectively, our data suggest that allelic cis-regulatory variation between B73 and Mo17 dictates maintenance of inbred allelic expression levels in the F₁ hybrid, resulting in additive expression patterns.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				L. Li, K. Lu, Z. Chen, T. Mu, Z. Hu, and X. Li Dominance, Overdominance and Epistasis Condition the Heterosis in Two Heterotic Rice Hybrids Genetics, November 1, 2008; 180(3): 1725 - 1742. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Hoecker, B. Keller, N. Muthreich, D. Chollet, P. Descombes, H.-P. Piepho, and F. Hochholdinger Comparison of Maize (Zea mays L.) F1-Hybrid and Parental Inbred Line Primary Root Transcriptomes Suggests Organ-Specific Patterns of Nonadditive Gene Expression and Conserved Expression Trends Genetics, July 1, 2008; 179(3): 1275 - 1283. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. L. Eveland, D. R. McCarty, and K. E. Koch Transcript Profiling by 3'-Untranslated Region Sequencing Resolves Expression of Gene Families Plant Physiology, January 1, 2008; 146(1): 32 - 44. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Zhuang and K. L. Adams Extensive Allelic Variation in Gene Expression in Populus F1 Hybrids Genetics, December 1, 2007; 177(4): 1987 - 1996. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Rottscheidt and B. Harr Extensive Additivity of Gene Expression Differentiates Subspecies of the House Mouse Genetics, November 1, 2007; 177(3): 1553 - 1567. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Makarevitch, R. M. Stupar, A. L. Iniguez, W. J. Haun, W. B. Barbazuk, S. M. Kaeppler, and N. M. Springer Natural Variation for Alleles Under Epigenetic Control by the Maize Chromomethylase Zmet2 Genetics, October 1, 2007; 177(2): 749 - 760. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. M. Stupar, P. J. Hermanson, and N. M. Springer Nonadditive Expression and Parent-of-Origin Effects Identified by Microarray and Allele-Specific Expression Profiling of Maize Endosperm Plant Physiology, October 1, 2007; 145(2): 411 - 425. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. M. Springer and R. M. Stupar Allele-Specific Expression Patterns Reveal Biases and Embryo-Specific Parent-of-Origin Effects in Hybrid Maize PLANT CELL, August 1, 2007; 19(8): 2391 - 2402. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Gore, P. Bradbury, R. Hogers, M. Kirst, E. Verstege, J. van Oeveren, J. Peleman, E. Buckler, and M. van Eijk Evaluation of Target Preparation Methods for Single-Feature Polymorphism Detection in Large Complex Plant Genomes Crop Sci., July 16, 2007; 47(S2): S-135 - S-148. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Frascaroli, M. A. Cane, P. Landi, G. Pea, L. Gianfranceschi, M. Villa, M. Morgante, and M. E. Pe Classical Genetic and Quantitative Trait Loci Analyses of Heterosis in a Maize Hybrid Between Two Elite Inbred Lines Genetics, May 1, 2007; 176(1): 625 - 644. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. McGinnis, N. Murphy, A. R. Carlson, A. Akula, C. Akula, H. Basinger, M. Carlson, P. Hermanson, N. Kovacevic, M. A. McGill, et al. Assessing the Efficiency of RNA Interference for Maize Functional Genomics Plant Physiology, April 1, 2007; 143(4): 1441 - 1451. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. L. Adams Evolution of Duplicate Gene Expression in Polyploid and Hybrid Plants J. Hered., March 1, 2007; 98(2): 136 - 141. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. M. Springer and R. M. Stupar Allelic variation and heterosis in maize: How do two halves make more than a whole? Genome Res., March 1, 2007; 17(3): 264 - 275. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Udall and J. F. Wendel Polyploidy and Crop Improvement Crop Sci., November 1, 2006; 46(Supplement_1): S-3 - S-14. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

International Access Link

Online ISS 1091-6490
Copyright 2008 by the Genetics Society of America
phone: 412-268-1812   fax: 412-268-1813   email: genetics-gsa{at}andrew.cmu.edu