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doi:10.1534/genetics.106.057646
A more recent version of this article appeared on July 1, 2006.
REGULAR RESEARCH PAPERS |
Evolution and Expression of Homoeologous Loci in Tragopogon miscellus (Asteraceae), a Recent and Reciprocally Formed Allopolyploid
Jennifer A Tate 1*, Zhongfu Ni 2, Anne-Cathrine Scheen 3, Jin Koh 4, Candace Gilbert 4, David Lefkowitz 4, Z. Jeffrey Chen 2, Pamela S. Soltis 4 and Douglas E. Soltis 4
1 Florida Museum of Natural History
2 The University of Texas at Austin
3 University of Oslo
4 University of Florida
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jtate{at}flmnh.ufl.edu.
Submitted on March 1, 2006
Revised on April 2, 2006
Accepted on 20 April 2006
On both recent and ancient time scales, polyploidy (genome doubling) has been a significant evolutionary force in plants. Here, we examined multiple individuals from reciprocally formed populations of Tragopogon miscellus, an allotetraploid that formed repeatedly within the last 80 years from the diploids T. dubius and T. pratensis. Using cDNA-AFLPs followed by genomic and cDNA cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) analyses, we found differences in the evolution and expression of homoeologous loci in T. miscellus. Fragment variation within T. miscellus, possibly attributable to reciprocal formation, comprised 0.6% of the cDNA-AFLP bands. Genomic and cDNA CAPS analyses of ten candidate genes revealed that only one "transcript derived fragment" (TDF44) showed differential expression of parental homoeologs in T. miscellus; the T. pratensis homoeolog was preferentially expressed by most polyploids in both populations. Most of the cDNA-AFLP polymorphisms apparently resulted from loss of parental fragments in the polyploids. Importantly, changes at the genomic level have occurred stochastically among individuals within the independently formed populations. Synthetic F1 hybrids between putative diploid progenitors are additive of their parental genomes, suggesting that polyploidization rather than hybridization induces genomic changes in Tragopogon.
Key Words: Tragopogon, allopolyploidy, cDNA-AFLP, genome evolution, homoeolog
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