ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MMS-SENSITIVE MUTANTS OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE

Louise Prakash ¹ and Satya Prakash ²

¹ Department of Radiation Biology and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642
² Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627

We have isolated mutants sensitive to methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Alleles of rad1, rad4, rad6, rad52, rad55 and rad57 were found among these mms mutants. Twenty-nine of the mms mutants which complement the existing radiation-sensitive (rad and rev ) mutants belong to 22 new complementation groups. Mutants from five complementation groups are sensitive only to MMS. Mutants of 11 complementation groups are sensitive to UV or X rays in addition to MMS, mutants of six complementation groups are sensitive to all three agents. The cross-sensitivities of these mms mutants to UV and X rays are discussed in terms of their possible involvement in DNA repair. Sporulation is reduced or absent in homozygous diploids of mms mutants from nine complementation groups.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				B. Brooks, T. J. O'Brien, S. Ceryak, J. P. Wise Sr, S. S. Wise, J. P. Wise Jr, E. DeFabo, and S. R. Patierno Excision repair is required for genotoxin-induced mutagenesis in mammalian cells Carcinogenesis, May 1, 2008; 29(5): 1064 - 1069. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. R. Santa Maria, V. Gangavarapu, R. E. Johnson, L. Prakash, and S. Prakash Requirement of Nse1, a Subunit of the Smc5-Smc6 Complex, for Rad52-Dependent Postreplication Repair of UV-Damaged DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mol. Cell. Biol., December 1, 2007; 27(23): 8409 - 8418. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Barbour, L. G. Ball, K. Zhang, and W. Xiao DNA Damage Checkpoints Are Involved in Postreplication Repair Genetics, December 1, 2006; 174(4): 1789 - 1800. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. J. Cost and N. R. Cozzarelli Smc5p Promotes Faithful Chromosome Transmission and DNA Repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Genetics, April 1, 2006; 172(4): 2185 - 2200. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. R. Potts and H. Yu Human MMS21/NSE2 Is a SUMO Ligase Required for DNA Repair Mol. Cell. Biol., August 15, 2005; 25(16): 7021 - 7032. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Lundin, M. North, K. Erixon, K. Walters, D. Jenssen, A. S. H. Goldman, and T. Helleday Methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) produces heat-labile DNA damage but no detectable in vivo DNA double-strand breaks Nucleic Acids Res., July 11, 2005; 33(12): 3799 - 3811. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Suzuki, A. Kato, Y. Sakuraba, and H. Inoue Srs2 and RecQ homologs cooperate in mei-3-mediated homologous recombination repair of Neurospora crassa Nucleic Acids Res., March 30, 2005; 33(6): 1848 - 1858. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Komori, M. Hidaka, T. Horiuchi, R. Fujikane, H. Shinagawa, and Y. Ishino Cooperation of the N-terminal Helicase and C-terminal Endonuclease Activities of Archaeal Hef Protein in Processing Stalled Replication Forks J. Biol. Chem., December 17, 2004; 279(51): 53175 - 53185. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. M. Hollingsworth and S. J. Brill The Mus81 solution to resolution: generating meiotic crossovers without Holliday junctions Genes & Dev., January 15, 2004; 18(2): 117 - 125. [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. H. McDonald, Y. Pavlova, J. R. Yates III, and M. N. Boddy Novel Essential DNA Repair Proteins Nse1 and Nse2 Are Subunits of the Fission Yeast Smc5-Smc6 Complex J. Biol. Chem., November 14, 2003; 278(46): 45460 - 45467. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Garcia, H. Bruchet, D. Camescasse, F. Granier, D. Bouchez, and A. Tissier AtATM Is Essential for Meiosis and the Somatic Response to DNA Damage in Plants PLANT CELL, January 1, 2003; 15(1): 119 - 132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Chang, M. Bellaoui, C. Boone, and G. W. Brown A genome-wide screen for methyl methanesulfonate-sensitive mutants reveals genes required for S phase progression in the presence of DNA damage PNAS, December 24, 2002; 99(26): 16934 - 16939. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. S. Symington Role of RAD52 Epistasis Group Genes in Homologous Recombination and Double-Strand Break Repair Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., December 1, 2002; 66(4): 630 - 670. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Z. Li, W. Xiao, J. J. McCormick, and V. M. Maher Identification of a protein essential for a major pathway used by human cells to avoid UV- induced DNA damage PNAS, April 2, 2002; 99(7): 4459 - 4464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. de los Santos, J. Loidl, B. Larkin, and N. M. Hollingsworth A Role for MMS4 in the Processing of Recombination Intermediates During Meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Genetics, December 1, 2001; 159(4): 1511 - 1525. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Queimado, M. Rao, R. A. Schultz, E. V. Koonin, L. Aravind, T. Nardo, M. Stefanini, and E. C. Friedberg Cloning the human and mouse MMS19 genes and functional complementation of a yeast mms19 deletion mutant Nucleic Acids Res., May 1, 2001; 29(9): 1884 - 1891. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. I. Bashkirov, J. S. King, E. V. Bashkirova, J. Schmuckli-Maurer, and W.-D. Heyer DNA Repair Protein Rad55 Is a Terminal Substrate of the DNA Damage Checkpoints Mol. Cell. Biol., June 15, 2000; 20(12): 4393 - 4404. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				Z. Xu and D. Norris The SFP1 Gene Product of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Regulates G2/M Transitions During the Mitotic Cell Cycle and DNA-Damage Response Genetics, December 1, 1998; 150(4): 1419 - 1428. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S. Broomfield, B. L. Chow, and W. Xiao MMS2, encoding a ubiquitin-conjugating-enzyme-like protein, is a member of the yeast error-free postreplication repair pathway PNAS, May 12, 1998; 95(10): 5678 - 5683. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Z. You, W. J. Feaver, and E. C. Friedberg Yeast RNA Polymerase II Transcription In Vitro Is Inhibited in the Presence of Nucleotide Excision Repair: Complementation of Inhibition by Holo-TFIIH and Requirement for RAD26 Mol. Cell. Biol., May 1, 1998; 18(5): 2668 - 2676. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				P. Sung and S. A. Stratton Yeast Rad51 Recombinase Mediates Polar DNA Strand Exchange in the Absence of ATP Hydrolysis J. Biol. Chem., November 8, 1996; 271(45): 27983 - 27986. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. H. Sommers, E. J. Miller, B. Dujon, S. Prakash, and L. Prakash Conditional Lethality of Null Mutations in RTH1 That Encodes the Yeast Counterpart of a Mammalian 5`- to 3`-Exonuclease Required for Lagging Strand DNA Synthesis in Reconstituted Systems J. Biol. Chem., March 3, 1995; 270(9): 4193 - 4196. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				X. Wu, H. Li, and J. D. Chen The Human Homologue of the Yeast DNA Repair and TFIIH Regulator MMS19 Is an AF-1-specific Coactivator of Estrogen Receptor J. Biol. Chem., June 22, 2001; 276(26): 23962 - 23968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Z. Li, W. Xiao, J. J. McCormick, and V. M. Maher Identification of a protein essential for a major pathway used by human cells to avoid UV- induced DNA damage PNAS, April 2, 2002; 99(7): 4459 - 4464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]