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Originally published as Genetics Published Articles Ahead of Print on September 9, 2008.
Genetics, Vol. 180, 1107-1121, October 2008, Copyright © 2008
doi:10.1534/genetics.108.088849
Patterns of Molecular Evolution Associated With Two Selective Sweeps in the Tb1–Dwarf8 Region in Maize
Letizia Camus-Kulandaivelu*,
Luis-Miguel Chevin
,
Christine Tollon-Cordet
,
Alain Charcosset*,
Domenica Manicacci
and
Maud I. Tenaillon,1
* INRA, CNRS and Université Paris-Sud, UMR 0320/UMR 8120 Génétique Végétale, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France and UMR 1097 Diversité et Génomes des Plantes Cultivées, F-34060 Montpellier, France
1 Corresponding author: UMR de Génétique Végétale, INRA/Université Paris-Sud/CNRS/AgroParisTech, Ferme du Moulon, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
E-mail: tenaillon{at}moulon.inra.fr
We focused on a region encompassing a major maize domestication locus, Tb1, and a locus involved in the flowering time variation, Dwarf8 (D8), to investigate the consequences of two closely linked selective sweeps on nucleotide variation and gain some insights into maize geographical diffusion, through climate adaptation. First, we physically mapped D8 at 
300 kb 3' of Tb1. Second, we analyzed patterns of nucleotide variation at Tb1, D8, and seven short regions (400–700 bp) located in the Tb1–D8 region sequenced on a 40 maize inbred lines panel encompassing early-flowering temperate and late-flowering tropical lines. The pattern of polymorphism along the region is characterized by two valleys of depleted polymorphism while the region in between exhibits an appreciable amount of diversity. Our results reveal that a region 100 kb upstream of the D8 gene exhibits hallmarks of divergent selection between temperate and tropical lines and is likely closer than the D8 gene to the target of selection for climate adaptation. Selection in the tropical lines appears more recent than in the temperate lines, suggesting an initial domestication of early-flowering maize. Simulation results indicate that the polymorphism pattern is consistent with two interfering selective sweeps at Tb1 and D8.
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