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Originally published as Genetics Published Articles Ahead of Print on August 9, 2008.
Genetics, Vol. 179, 1823-1833, August 2008, Copyright © 2008
doi:10.1534/genetics.108.091959
Maternal Phosphatase Inhibitor-2 Is Required for Proper Chromosome Segregation and Mitotic Synchrony During Drosophila Embryogenesis
Weiping Wang*,
Claire Cronmiller
and
David L. Brautigan*,1
* Center for Cell Signaling and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, and Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
1 Corresponding author: Box 800577, West Complex, MSB 7225, 1400 Jefferson Park Ave., Charlottesville, VA 22908.
E-mail: db8g{at}virginia.edu
Protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) is a major Ser/Thr phosphatase conserved among all eukaryotes, present as the essential GLC7 gene in yeast. Inhibitor-2 (I-2) is an ancient PP1 regulator, named GLC8 in yeast, but its in vivo function is unknown. Unlike mammals with multiple I-2 genes, in Drosophila there is a single I-2 gene, and here we describe its maternally derived expression and required function during embryogenesis. During oogenesis, germline expression of I-2 results in the accumulation of RNA and abundant protein in unfertilized eggs; in embryos, the endogenous I-2 protein concentrates around condensed chromosomes during mitosis and also surrounds interphase nuclei. An I-2 loss-of-function genotype is associated with a maternal-effect phenotype that results in drastically reduced progeny viability, as measured by reduced embryonic hatch rates and larval lethality. Embryos derived from I-2 mutant mothers show faulty chromosome segregation and loss of mitotic synchrony in cleavage-stage embryos, patchy loss of nuclei in syncytial blastoderms, and cuticular pattern defects in late-stage embryos. Transgenic expression of wild-type I-2 in mutant mothers gives dose-dependent rescue of the maternal effect on embryo hatch rate. We propose that I-2 is required for proper chromosome segregation during Drosophila embryogenesis through the coordinated regulation of PP1 and Aurora B.
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Genetics 2008 179: NP.
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  W. Wang, P. T. Stukenberg, and D. L. Brautigan Phosphatase Inhibitor-2 Balances Protein Phosphatase 1 and Aurora B Kinase for Chromosome Segregation and Cytokinesis in Human Retinal Epithelial Cells Mol. Biol. Cell, November 1, 2008; 19(11): 4852 - 4862. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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