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Genetics, Vol. 178, 489-511, January 2008, Copyright © 2008
doi:10.1534/genetics.107.077297
Quantitative Trait Loci for Grain Yield and Adaptation of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Across a Wide Range of Water Availability
Marco Maccaferri*,
Maria Corinna Sanguineti*,
Simona Corneti*,
José Luis Araus Ortega
,
Moncef Ben Salem
,
Jordi Bort,
Enzo DeAmbrogio
,
Luis Fernando Garcia del Moral**,
Andrea Demontis,
Ahmed El-Ahmed,
Fouad Maalouf,
Hassan Machlab,
Vanessa Martos**,
Marc Moragues,
Jihan Motawaj***,
Miloudi Nachit***,
Nasserlehaq Nserallah,
Hassan Ouabbou,
Conxita Royo,
Amor Slama and
Roberto Tuberosa*,1
* Department of Agroenvironmental Sciences and Technology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy, Department of Plant Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, Tunisian National Institute of Agronomic Research, 2080 Tunis, Tunisia, Società Produttori Sementi Bologna, Research Division, 40050 Argelato, Italy, ** Department of Plant Physiology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain, Plant Protection Department, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria, *** ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria, Department of Plant Breeding, Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Zahleh, Lebanon, Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology, Field Crops Section, Udl-IRTA, 25198 Lleida, Spain and CRRA–INRA, 26000 Settat, Morocco
1 Corresponding author: Department of Agroenvironmental Sciences and Technology, University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 44, Bologna 40127, Italy.
E-mail: roberto.tuberosa{at}unibo.it
Grain yield is a major goal for the improvement of durum wheat, particularly in drought-prone areas. In this study, the genetic basis of grain yield (GY), heading date (HD), and plant height (PH) was investigated in a durum wheat population of 249 recombinant inbred lines evaluated in 16 environments (10 rainfed and 6 irrigated) characterized by a broad range of water availability and GY (from 5.6 to 58.8 q ha–1). Among the 16 quantitative trait loci (QTL) that affected GY, two major QTL on chromosomes 2BL and 3BS showed significant effects in 8 and 7 environments, with R2 values of 21.5 and 13.8% (mean data of all 16 environments), respectively. In both cases, extensive overlap was observed between the LOD profiles of GY and PH, but not with those for HD. QTL specific for PH were identified on chromosomes 1BS, 3AL, and 7AS. Additionally, three major QTL for HD on chromosomes 2AS, 2BL, and 7BS showed limited or no effects on GY. For both PH and GY, notable epistasis between the chromosome 2BL and 3BS QTL was detected across several environments.
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