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Originally published as Genetics Published Articles Ahead of Print on December 28, 2006.
Genetics, Vol. 175, 1371-1379, March 2007, Copyright © 2007
doi:10.1534/genetics.106.068353
Five Ovine Mitochondrial Lineages Identified From Sheep Breeds of the Near East
Jennifer R. S. Meadows*,
,
Ibrahim Cemal
,
Orhan Karaca,
Elisha Gootwine
and
James W. Kijas*,1
* CSIRO Livestock Industries, St. Lucia, Brisbane 4067, Queensland, Australia, University of New England, School of Rural Science and Agriculture, Armidale 2351, Australia, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09100, Turkey and Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
1 Corresponding author: CSIRO Livestock Industries, 306 Carmody Rd., St. Lucia, Brisbane 4067, Queensland, Australia.
E-mail: james.kijas{at}csiro.au
Archaeozoological evidence indicates that sheep were first domesticated in the Fertile Crescent. To search for DNA sequence diversity arising from previously undetected domestication events, this survey examined nine breeds of sheep from modern-day Turkey and Israel. A total of 2027 bp of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence from 197 sheep revealed a total of 85 haplotypes and a high level of genetic diversity. Six individuals carried three haplotypes, which clustered separately from the known ovine mtDNA lineages A, B, and C. Analysis of genetic distance, mismatch distribution, and comparisons with wild sheep confirmed that these represent two additional mtDNA lineages denoted D and E. The two haplogroup E sequences were found to link the previously identified groups A and C. The single haplogroup D sequence branched with the eastern mouflon (Ovis orientalis), urial (O. vignei), and argali (O. ammon) sheep. High sequence diversity (K = 1.86%, haplogroup D and O. orientalis) indicates that the wild progenitor of this domestic lineage remains unresolved. The identification in this study of evidence for additional domestication events adds to the emerging view that sheep were recruited from wild populations multiple times in the same way as for other livestock species such as goat, cattle, and pig.
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