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Originally published as Genetics Published Articles Ahead of Print on May 15, 2006.
Genetics, Vol. 173, 2083-2090, August 2006, Copyright © 2006
doi:10.1534/genetics.106.058941
Wild-Derived XY Sex-Reversal Mutants in the Medaka, Oryzias latipes
Hiroyuki Otake*,1,
Ai Shinomiya
,
Masaru Matsuda
,
Satoshi Hamaguchi and
Mitsuru Sakaizumi
* Graduate School of Science and Technology and Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
1 Corresponding author: Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
E-mail: f05m003e{at}mail.cc.niigata-u.ac.jp
The medaka, Oryzias latipes, has an XX/XY sex-determination mechanism. A Y-linked DM domain gene, DMY, has been isolated by positional cloning as a sex-determining gene in this species. Previously, we found 23 XY sex-reversed females from 11 localities by examining the genotypic sex of wild-caught medaka. Genetic analyses revealed that all these females had Y-linked gene mutations. Here, we aimed to clarify the cause of this sex reversal. To achieve this, we screened for mutations in the amino acid coding sequence of DMY and examined DMY expression at 0 days after hatching (dah) using densitometric semiquantitative RT–PCR. We found that the mutants could be classified into two groups. One contained mutations in the amino acid coding sequence of DMY, while the other had reduced DMY expression at 0 dah although the DMY coding sequence was normal. For the latter, histological analyses indicated that YwOurYwOur (YwOur, Y chromosome derived from an Oura XY female) individuals with the lowest DMY expression among the tested mutants were expected to develop into females at 0 dah. These results suggest that early testis development requires DMY expression above a threshold level. Mutants with reduced DMY expression may prove valuable for identifying DMY regulatory elements.
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  H. Otake, Y. Hayashi, S. Hamaguchi, and M. Sakaizumi The Y Chromosome That Lost the Male-Determining Function Behaves as an X Chromosome in the Medaka Fish, Oryzias latipes Genetics, August 1, 2008; 179(4): 2157 - 2162. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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