Originally published as Genetics Published Articles Ahead of Print on April 3, 2006.

Genetics, Vol. 173, 1649-1663, July 2006, Copyright © 2006
doi:10.1534/genetics.105.054619

Multiple-Interval Mapping for Ordinal Traits

* Bioinformatics Research Center, {ddagger} Department of Statistics, {dagger} Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695

2 Corresponding author: Bioinformatics Research Center, Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7566.
E-mail: zeng{at}stat.ncsu.edu

Many statistical methods have been developed to map multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL) in experimental cross populations. Among these methods, multiple-interval mapping (MIM) can map QTL with epistasis simultaneously. However, the previous implementation of MIM is for continuously distributed traits. In this study we extend MIM to ordinal traits on the basis of a threshold model. The method inherits the properties and advantages of MIM and can fit a model of multiple QTL effects and epistasis on the underlying liability score. We study a number of statistical issues associated with the method, such as the efficiency and stability of maximization and model selection. We also use computer simulation to study the performance of the method and compare it to other alternative approaches. The method has been implemented in QTL Cartographer to facilitate its general usage for QTL mapping data analysis on binary and ordinal traits.




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