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Originally published as Genetics Published Articles Ahead of Print on April 2, 2006.
Genetics, Vol. 173, 935-942, June 2006, Copyright © 2006
doi:10.1534/genetics.105.050203
Disentangling Reasons for Low Y Chromosome Variation in the Greater White-Toothed Shrew (Crocidura russula)
Lori J. Lawson Handley1, Laura Berset-Brändli and Nicolas Perrin
Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
1 Corresponding author: Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing St., Cambridge, CB2 3EH, United Kingdom.
E-mail: ljl27{at}cam.ac.uk
Y chromosome variation is determined by several confounding factors including mutation rate, effective population size, demography, and selection. Disentangling these factors is essential to better understand the evolutionary properties of the Y chromosome. We analyzed genetic variation on the Y chromosome, X chromosome, and mtDNA of the greater white-toothed shrew, a species with low variance in male reproductive success and limited sex-biased dispersal, which enables us to control to some extent for life-history effects. We also compared ancestral (Moroccan) to derived (European) populations to investigate the role of demographic history in determining Y variation. Recent colonization of Europe by a small number of founders (combined with low mutation rates) is largely responsible for low diversity observed on the European Y and X chromosomes compared to mtDNA. After accounting for mutation rate, copy number, and demography, the Y chromosome still displays a deficit in variation relative to the X in both populations. This is possibly influenced by directional selection, but the slightly higher variance in male reproductive success is also likely to play a role, even though the difference is small compared to that in highly polygynous species. This study illustrates that demography and life-history effects should be scrutinized before inferring strong selective pressure as a reason for low diversity on the Y chromosome.
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