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Originally published as Genetics Published Articles Ahead of Print on October 11, 2005.
Genetics, Vol. 172, 1191-1198, February 2006, Copyright © 2006
doi:10.1534/genetics.105.049395
Accumulation of Nonfunctional S-Haplotypes Results in the Breakdown of Gametophytic Self-Incompatibility in Tetraploid Prunus
Nathanael R. Hauck*,
Hisayo Yamane
,
Ryutaro Tao and
Amy F. Iezzoni*,1
* Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 and Laboratory of Pomology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
1 Corresponding author: Department of Horticulture, Plant and Soil Science Bldg., Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824.
E-mail: iezzoni{at}msu.edu
The transition from self-incompatibility (SI) to self-compatibility (SC) is regarded as one of the most prevalent transitions in Angiosperm evolution, having profound impacts on the genetic structure of populations. Yet, the identity and function of mutations that result in the breakdown of SI in nature are not well understood. This work provides the first detailed genetic description of the breakdown of S-RNase-mediated gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) in a polyploid species that exhibits genotype-dependent loss of SI. Genetic analyses of six natural sour cherry (Rosaceae, Prunus cerasus) selections identified seven independent, nonfunctional S-haplotypes with disrupted pistil component (stylar-S) and/or pollen component (pollen-S) function. A genetic model demonstrating that the breakdown of SI in sour cherry is due to the accumulation of a minimum of two nonfunctional S-haplotypes within a single individual is developed and validated. Our finding that sour cherry is SI when only one nonfunctional S-haplotype is present has significant evolutionary implications since nonfunctional S-haplotypes would be maintained in the population without causing an abrupt shift to SC. Furthermore, we demonstrate that heteroallelic sour cherry pollen is self-incompatible, which is counter to the well-documented phenomenon in the Solanaceae where SC accompanying polyploidization is frequently due to the SC of heteroallelic pollen.
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