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Originally published as Genetics Published Articles Ahead of Print on July 14, 2005.
Genetics, Vol. 171, 1103-1114, November 2005, Copyright © 2005
doi:10.1534/genetics.104.040071
Highly Efficient Sex Chromosome Interchanges Produced By I-CreI Expression in Drosophila
Keith A. Maggert1 and Kent G. Golic2
Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
2 Corresponding author: Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 South 1400 East, Room 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.
E-mail: golic{at}biology.utah.edu
The homing endonuclease I-CreI recognizes a site in the gene encoding the 23S rRNA of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. A very similar sequence is present in the 28S rRNA genes that are located on the X and Y chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster. In this work we show that I-CreI expression in Drosophila is capable of causing induced DNA damage and eliciting cell cycle arrest. Expression also caused recombination between the X and Y chromosomes in the heterochromatic regions where the rDNA is located, presumably as a result of a high frequency of double-strand breaks in these regions. Approximately 20% of the offspring of males expressing I-CreI showed exceptional inheritance of X- and Y-linked markers, consistent with chromosome exchange at rDNA loci. Cytogenetic analysis confirmed the structures of many of these products. Exchange between the X and Y chromosomes can be induced in males and females to produce derivative-altered Y chromosomes, attached-XY, and attached-X chromosomes. This method has advantages over the traditional use of X rays for generating X-Y interchanges because it is very frequent and it generates predictable products.
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