- THIS ARTICLE
- Full Text
- Full Text (PDF)
-
All Versions of this Article:
genetics.104.036533v1
170/3/1197 most recent - Alert me when this article is cited
- Alert me if a correction is posted
- SERVICES
- Email this article to a friend
- Similar articles in this journal
- Similar articles in PubMed
- Alert me to new issues of the journal
- Download to citation manager
- Reprints & Permissions
- CITING ARTICLES
- Citing Articles via HighWire
- Citing Articles via Google Scholar
- GOOGLE SCHOLAR
- Articles by Werner, J. D.
- Articles by Weigel, D.
- Search for Related Content
- PUBMED
- PubMed Citation
- Articles by Werner, J. D.
- Articles by Weigel, D.
Originally published as Genetics Published Articles Ahead of Print on May 23, 2005.
Genetics, Vol. 170, 1197-1207, July 2005, Copyright © 2005
doi:10.1534/genetics.104.036533
FRIGIDA-Independent Variation in Flowering Time of Natural Arabidopsis thaliana Accessions
Jonathan D. Werner*,
,
Justin O. Borevitz*,,
,
N. Henriette Uhlenhaut*,1,
Joseph R. Ecker*,
,
Joanne Chory*,** and
Detlef Weigel*,,2
* Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037
Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, California 92037
Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
Salk Institute, Genome Analysis Laboratory, La Jolla, California 92037
** Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037
Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
2 Corresponding author: MPI for Developmental Biology, Spemannstrasse 37-39, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
E-mail: weigel{at}weigelworld.org
FRIGIDA (FRI) and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) are two genes that, unless plants are vernalized, greatly delay flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana. Natural loss-of-function mutations in FRI cause the early flowering growth habits of many A. thaliana accessions. To quantify the variation among wild accessions due to FRI, and to identify additional genetic loci in wild accessions that influence flowering time, we surveyed the flowering times of 145 accessions in long-day photoperiods, with and without a 30-day vernalization treatment, and genotyped them for two common natural lesions in FRI. FRI is disrupted in at least 84 of the accessions, accounting for only 
40% of the flowering-time variation in long days. During efforts to dissect the causes for variation that are independent of known dysfunctional FRI alleles, we found new loss-of-function alleles in FLC, as well as late-flowering alleles that do not map to FRI or FLC. An FLC nonsense mutation was found in the early flowering Van-0 accession, which has otherwise functional FRI. In contrast, Lz-0 flowers late because of high levels of FLC expression, even though it has a deletion in FRI. Finally, eXtreme array mapping identified genomic regions linked to the vernalization-independent, late-flowering habit of Bur-0, which has an alternatively spliced FLC allele that behaves as a null allele.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  T. W. Banks, M. C. Jordan, and D. J. Somers Single-Feature Polymorphism Mapping in Bread Wheat The Plant Genome, July 1, 2009; 2(2): 167 - 178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y.-X. Yuan, J. Wu, R.-F. Sun, X.-W. Zhang, D.-H. Xu, G. Bonnema, and X.-W. Wang A naturally occurring splicing site mutation in the Brassica rapa FLC1 gene is associated with variation in flowering time J. Exp. Bot., March 1, 2009; 60(4): 1299 - 1308. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. L. Caicedo, C. Richards, I. M. Ehrenreich, and M. D. Purugganan Complex Rearrangements Lead to Novel Chimeric Gene Fusion Polymorphisms at the Arabidopsis thaliana MAF2-5 Flowering Time Gene Cluster Mol. Biol. Evol., March 1, 2009; 26(3): 699 - 711. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Simon, O. Loudet, S. Durand, A. Berard, D. Brunel, F.-X. Sennesal, M. Durand-Tardif, G. Pelletier, and C. Camilleri Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping in Five New Large Recombinant Inbred Line Populations of Arabidopsis thaliana Genotyped With Consensus Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers Genetics, April 1, 2008; 178(4): 2253 - 2264. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. Torjek, R. C. Meyer, M. Zehnsdorf, M. Teltow, G. Strompen, H. Witucka-Wall, A. Blacha, and T. Altmann Construction and Analysis of 2 Reciprocal Arabidopsis Introgression Line Populations J. Hered., February 28, 2008; (2008) esn014v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Scarcelli, J. M. Cheverud, B. A. Schaal, and P. X. Kover Antagonistic pleiotropic effects reduce the potential adaptive value of the FRIGIDA locus PNAS, October 23, 2007; 104(43): 16986 - 16991. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Kolkman, S. T. Berry, A. J. Leon, M. B. Slabaugh, S. Tang, W. Gao, D. K. Shintani, J. M. Burke, and S. J. Knapp Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Linkage Disequilibrium in Sunflower Genetics, September 1, 2007; 177(1): 457 - 468. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. O. Borevitz, S. P. Hazen, T. P. Michael, G. P. Morris, I. R. Baxter, T. T. Hu, H. Chen, J. D. Werner, M. Nordborg, D. E. Salt, et al. Genome-wide patterns of single-feature polymorphism in Arabidopsis thaliana PNAS, July 17, 2007; 104(29): 12057 - 12062. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. A. Reeves, Y. He, R. J. Schmitz, R. M. Amasino, L. W. Panella, and C. M. Richards Evolutionary Conservation of the FLOWERING LOCUS C-Mediated Vernalization Response: Evidence From the Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris) Genetics, May 1, 2007; 176(1): 295 - 307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. T. Rutter and C. B. Fenster Testing for Adaptation to Climate in Arabidopsis thaliana: A Calibrated Common Garden Approach Ann. Bot., March 1, 2007; 99(3): 529 - 536. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. Chu, H. Chen, Y. Zhang, Z. Zhang, N. Zheng, B. Yin, H. Yan, L. Zhu, X. Zhao, M. Yuan, et al. Knockout of the AtCESA2 Gene Affects Microtubule Orientation and Causes Abnormal Cell Expansion in Arabidopsis Plant Physiology, January 1, 2007; 143(1): 213 - 224. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Schlappi FRIGIDA LIKE 2 Is a Functional Allele in Landsberg erecta and Compensates for a Nonsense Allele of FRIGIDA LIKE 1 Plant Physiology, December 1, 2006; 142(4): 1728 - 1738. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Shindo, C. Lister, P. Crevillen, M. Nordborg, and C. Dean Variation in the epigenetic silencing of FLC contributes to natural variation in Arabidopsis vernalization response. Genes & Dev., November 15, 2006; 20(22): 3079 - 3083. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S Marquardt, P. Boss, J Hadfield, and C Dean Additional targets of the Arabidopsis autonomous pathway members, FCA and FY J. Exp. Bot., October 1, 2006; 57(13): 3379 - 3386. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. K. Grennan Variations on a Theme. Regulation of Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Plant Physiology, February 1, 2006; 140(2): 399 - 400. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. J. Schmitz, L. Hong, S. Michaels, and R. M. Amasino FRIGIDA-ESSENTIAL 1 interacts genetically with FRIGIDA and FRIGIDA-LIKE 1 to promote the winter-annual habit of Arabidopsis thaliana Development, December 15, 2005; 132(24): 5471 - 5478. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|