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Originally published as Genetics Published Articles Ahead of Print on November 1, 2004.

Genetics, Vol. 170, 1133-1142, July 2005, Copyright © 2005
doi:10.1534/genetics.104.034587

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Drosophila Su(Hw) Insulator Can Stimulate Transcription of a Weakened yellow Promoter Over a Distance

Anton Golovnin*,{dagger}, Elena Melnick*, Alexander Mazur* and Pavel Georgiev*,1

* Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia
{dagger} Center for Medical Studies of Oslo University, Moscow 199334, Russia

1 Corresponding author: Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., Moscow 119334, Russia.
E-mail: georgiev_p{at}mail.ru

The insulator element from the gypsy transposon is a DNA sequence that blocks activation of a promoter by a transcriptional enhancer when placed between them. The insulator contains reiterated binding sites for the Suppressor of Hairy-wing [Su(Hw)] zinc-finger protein. A protein encoded by another gene, modifier of mdg4 [mod(mdg4)], is also required for the enhancer-blocking activity of the Su(Hw) insulator. Here we present evidence that the Su(Hw) insulator activates a weakened yellow promoter at a distance. Deletion of the upstream promoter region (UPR), located close by the TATA box, significantly reduces yellow expression. The Su(Hw) insulator placed at different positions relative to the yellow promoter partially compensates for loss of the UPR. Su(Hw) is able to stimulate yellow expression even if it is located at a 5-kb distance from the promoter. The stimulatory activity depends on the number of Su(Hw)-binding sites. Mutational analysis demonstrates that only the DNA-binding domain and adjacent regions of the Su(Hw) protein are required for stimulation of yellow transcription.




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