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Originally published as Genetics Published Articles Ahead of Print on January 31, 2005.
Genetics, Vol. 169, 2353-2370, April 2005, Copyright © 2005
doi:10.1534/genetics.104.032821
Evolution of Recombination Due to Random Drift
N. H. Barton* and
Sarah P. Otto
,1
* School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, United Kingdom
Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
1 Corresponding author: Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4.
E-mail: otto{at}zoology.ubc.ca
In finite populations subject to selection, genetic drift generates negative linkage disequilibrium, on average, even if selection acts independently (i.e., multiplicatively) upon all loci. Negative disequilibrium reduces the variance in fitness and hence, by FISHER's (1930) fundamental theorem, slows the rate of increase in mean fitness. Modifiers that increase recombination eliminate the negative disequilibria that impede selection and consequently increase in frequency by "hitchhiking." Thus, stochastic fluctuations in linkage disequilibrium in finite populations favor the evolution of increased rates of recombination, even in the absence of epistatic interactions among loci and even when disequilibrium is initially absent. The method developed within this article allows us to quantify the strength of selection acting on a modifier allele that increases recombination in a finite population. The analysis indicates that stochastically generated linkage disequilibria do select for increased recombination, a result that is confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations. Selection for a modifier that increases recombination is highest when linkage among loci is tight, when beneficial alleles rise from low to high frequency, and when the population size is small.
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