Genetics, Vol. 169, 313-324, January 2005, Copyright © 2005
doi:10.1534/genetics.104.026534

Multilevel Analyses of Genetic Differentiation in Anopheles gambiae s.s. Reveal Patterns of Gene Flow Important for Malaria-Fighting Mosquito Projects

Frédéric Tripet*,1, Guimogo Dolo{dagger} and Gregory C. Lanzaro*

* Vector Genetics Lab, Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, California 95616
{dagger} Malaria Research Training Center, Département d'Entomologie, Ecole Nationale de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Bamako, B.P. 1805, Mali

1 Corresponding author: Department of Entomology, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616-8584.
E-mail: ftripet{at}ucdavis.edu

Malaria control projects based on the introduction and spread of transgenes into mosquito populations depend on the extent of isolation between those populations. On the basis of the distribution of paracentric inversions, Anopheles gambiae has been subdivided into five subspecific chromosomal forms. Estimating gene flow between and within these forms of An. gambiae presents a number of challenges. We compared patterns of genetic divergence (FST) between sympatric populations of the Bamako and Mopti forms at five sites. We used microsatellite loci within the j inversion on chromosome 2, which is fixed in the Bamako form but absent in the Mopti form, and microsatellites on chromosome 3, a region void of inversions. Estimates of genetic diversity and FST's suggest genetic exchanges between forms for the third chromosome but little for the j inversion. These results suggest a role for the inversion in speciation. Extensive gene flow within forms among sites resulted in populations clustering according to form despite substantial gene flow between forms. These patterns underscore the low levels of current gene flow between chromosomal forms in this area of sympatry. Introducing refractoriness genes in areas of the genome void of inversions may facilitate their spread within forms but their passage between forms may prove more difficult than previously thought.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
N. C. Manoukis, J. R. Powell, M. B. Toure, A. Sacko, F. E. Edillo, M. B. Coulibaly, S. F. Traore, C. E. Taylor, and N. J. Besansky
A test of the chromosomal theory of ecotypic speciation in Anopheles gambiae
PNAS, February 26, 2008; 105(8): 2940 - 2945.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am J Trop Med HygHome page
R. J. Kent, S. Mharakurwa, and D. E. Norris
Spatial and Temporal Genetic Structure of Anopheles arabiensis in Southern Zambia over Consecutive Wet and Drought Years
Am J Trop Med Hyg, August 1, 2007; 77(2): 316 - 323.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J HeredHome page
E. W. Chambers, J. K. Meece, J. A. McGowan, D. D. Lovin, R. R. Hemme, D. D. Chadee, K. McAbee, S. E. Brown, D. L. Knudson, and D. W. Severson
Microsatellite Isolation and Linkage Group Identification in the Yellow Fever Mosquito Aedes aegypti
J. Hered., May 1, 2007; 98(3): 202 - 210.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 GeneticsHome page
J. M. Marshall and R. E. Weiss
A Bayesian Heterogeneous Analysis of Variance Approach to Inferring Recent Selective Sweeps
Genetics, August 1, 2006; 173(4): 2357 - 2370.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 GeneticsHome page
M. Kirkpatrick and N. Barton
Chromosome Inversions, Local Adaptation and Speciation
Genetics, May 1, 2006; 173(1): 419 - 434.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 GeneticsHome page
W. J. Kennington, L. Partridge, and A. A. Hoffmann
Patterns of Diversity and Linkage Disequilibrium Within the Cosmopolitan Inversion In(3R)Payne in Drosophila melanogaster Are Indicative of Coadaptation
Genetics, March 1, 2006; 172(3): 1655 - 1663.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]