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Genetics, Vol. 168, 1557-1562, November 2004, Copyright © 2004
doi:10.1534/genetics.104.032177
A Complex Interaction of Imprinted and Maternal-Effect Genes Modifies Sex Determination in Odd Sex (Ods) Mice
Christophe Poirier*,
Yangjun Qin*,
Carolyn P. Adams*,
Yanett Anaya*,
Jonathan B. Singer
,
,
Annie E. Hill
,
Eric S. Lander,,**,
Joseph H. Nadeau,, and
Colin E. Bishop*,,1
* Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
** Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
Center for Computational Genomics and Systems Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
1 Corresponding author: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Smith Tower, Room 880, Baylor College of Medicine, 6550 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030.
E-mail: bishop{at}bcm.tmc.edu
The transgenic insertional mouse mutation Odd Sex (Ods) represents a model for the long-range regulation of Sox9. The mutation causes complete female-to-male sex reversal by inducing a male-specific expression pattern of Sox9 in XX Ods/+ embryonic gonads. We previously described an A/J strain-specific suppressor of Ods termed Odsm1A. Here we show that phenotypic sex depends on a complex interaction between the suppressor and the transgene. Suppression can be achieved only if the transgene is transmitted paternally. In addition, the suppressor itself exhibits a maternal effect, suggesting that it may act on chromatin in the early embryo.
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