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Genetics, Vol. 167, 1873-1881, August 2004, Copyright © 2004
doi:10.1534/genetics.103.022749
Evidence for Multiple Alleles at the DGAT1 Locus Better Explains a Quantitative Trait Locus With Major Effect on Milk Fat Content in Cattle
Christa Kühn*,
Georg Thaller
,
Andreas Winter,
Olaf R. P. Bininda-Emonds,
Bernhard Kaupe
,
Georg Erhardt,
Jörn Bennewitz
,
Manfred Schwerin* and
Ruedi Fries,1
* Forschungsbereich Molekularbiologie, Forschungsinstitut für die Biologie landwirtschaftlicher Nutztiere, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
Lehrstuhl für Tierzucht der Technischen Universität München, 85350 Freising, Germany
Institut für Tierzucht und Haustiergenetik der Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35390 Giessen, Germany
Institut für Tierzucht und Tierhaltung der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
1 Corresponding author: Lehrstuhl für Tierzucht, Alte Akademie 12, 85354 Freising, Germany.
E-mail: ruedi.fries{at}tierzucht.tum.de
A quantitative trait locus (QTL) for milk fat percentage has been mapped consistently to the centromeric region of bovine chromosome 14 (BTA14). Two independent studies have identified the nonconservative mutation K232A in the acylCoA-diacylglycerol-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) gene as likely to be causal for the observed variation. Here we provide evidence for additional genetic variability at the same QTL that is associated with milk fat percentage variation within the German Holstein population. Namely, we show that alleles of the DGAT1 promoter derived from the variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism are associated with milk fat content in animals homozygous for the allele 232A at DGAT1. Our results present another example for more than two trait-associated alleles being involved in a major gene effect on a quantitative trait. The segregation of multiple alleles affecting milk production traits at the QTL on BTA14 has to be considered whenever marker-assisted selection programs are implemented in dairy cattle. Due to the presence of a potential transcription factor binding site in the 18mer element of the VNTR, the variation in the number of tandem repeats of the 18mer element might be causal for the variability in the transcription level of the DGAT1 gene.
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