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Genetics, Vol. 167, 941-947, June 2004, Copyright © 2004
doi:10.1534/genetics.103.016303
Sequence Polymorphism in Polyploid Wheat and Their D-Genome Diploid Ancestor
Katherine S. Caldwell*,
Jan Dvorak
,
Evans S. Lagudah
,
Eduard Akhunov
,
Ming-Cheng Luo
,
Petra Wolters* and
Wayne Powell*,1
* E. I. DuPont Nemours, DuPont Agricultural Products, Newark, Delaware 19711
Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Division of Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Territory, 2601 Australia
1 Corresponding author: Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK.
E-mail: wpowel{at}scri.sari.ac.uk
Sequencing was used to investigate the origin of the D genome of the allopolyploid species Triticum aestivum and Aegilops cylindrica. A 247-bp region of the wheat D-genome Xwye838 locus, encoding ADP-glucopyrophosphorylase, and a 326-bp region of the wheat D-genome Gss locus, encoding granule-bound starch synthase, were sequenced in a total 564 lines of hexaploid wheat (T. aestivum, genome AABBDD) involving all its subspecies and 203 lines of Aegilops tauschii, the diploid source of the wheat D genome. In Ae. tauschii, two SNP variants were detected at the Xwye838 locus and 11 haplotypes at the Gss locus. Two haplotypes with contrasting frequencies were found at each locus in wheat. Both wheat Xwye838 variants, but only one of the Gss haplotypes seen in wheat, were found among the Ae. tauschii lines. The other wheat Gss haplotype was not found in either Ae. tauschii or 70 lines of tetraploid Ae. cylindrica (genomes CCDD), which is known to hybridize with wheat. It is concluded that both T. aestivum and Ae. cylindrica originated recurrently, with at least two genetically distinct progenitors contributing to the formation of the D genome in both species.
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