Abundant mtDNA Diversity and Ancestral Admixture in Colombian criollo Cattle (Bos taurus)

Abundant mtDNA Diversity and Ancestral Admixture in Colombian criollo Cattle (Bos taurus)

Luis G. Carvajal-Carmona^a,b, Nelson Bermudez^b, Martha Olivera-Angel^c, Luzardo Estrada^d, Jorge Ossa^c, Gabriel Bedoya^b, and Andrés Ruiz-Linares^a,b
^a Galton Laboratory, Department of Biology, University College, London NW1 2HE, United Kingdom,
^b Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Universidad de Antioquia, AA 1226, Medellín, Colombia
^c Groups of Reproduction and Immunovirology, Universidad de Antioquia, AA 1226, Medellín, Colombia
^d Corporación Colombiana de Investigaciones Pecuarias, AA 240142, Bogotá, Colombia

Corresponding author: Andrés Ruiz-Linares, Wolfson House, University College London, 4 Stephenson Way, London NW1 2HE, United Kingdom., a.ruizlin{at}ucl.ac.uk (E-mail)

Communicating editor: M. FELDMAN

Various cattle populations in the Americas (known as criollobreeds) have an origin in some of the first livestock introducedto the continent early in the colonial period (16th and 17thcenturies). These cattle constitute a potentially importantgenetic reserve as they are well adapted to local environmentsand show considerable variation in phenotype. To examine thegenetic ancestry and diversity of Colombian criollo we obtainedmitochondrial DNA control region sequence information for 110individuals from seven breeds. Old World haplogroup T3 is themost commonly observed CR lineage in criollo (0.65), in agreementwith a mostly European ancestry for these cattle. However, criolloalso shows considerable frequencies of haplogroups T2 (0.9)and T1 (0.26), with T1 lineages in criollo being more diversethan those reported for West Africa. The distribution and diversityof Old World lineages suggest some North African ancestry forcriollo, probably as a result of the Arab occupation of Iberiaprior to the European migration to the New World. The mtDNAdiversity of criollo is higher than that reported for Europeanand African cattle and is consistent with a differentiated ancestryfor some criollo breeds.

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