Genetics, Vol. 162, 1445-1456, November 2002, Copyright © 2002

Three Redundant Brassinosteroid Early Response Genes Encode Putative bHLH Transcription Factors Required for Normal Growth

Danielle M. Friedrichsena,c, Jennifer Nemhausera, Takamichi Muramitsud, Julin N. Maloofa, José Alonsoa, Joseph R. Eckera, Masaki Furuyad, and Joanne Chorya,b
a Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037,
b Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037,
c University of California, San Diego, California 92037
d Hitachi Advanced Research Laboratory, Hatoyama, Saitama 350-0395, Japan

Corresponding author: Joanne Chory, Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037., chory{at}salk.edu (E-mail)

Communicating editor: V. SUNDARESAN

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of polyhydroxylated steroids that are important regulators of plant growth and development. We have identified three closely related basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors, BEE1, BEE2, and BEE3, as products of early response genes required for full BR response. Comparison of the phenotypes of plants that overexpress BEE1 with bee1 bee2 bee3 triple-knockout mutant plants suggests that BEE1, BEE2, and BEE3 are functionally redundant positive regulators of BR signaling. Expression of BEE1, BEE2, and BEE3 is also regulated by other hormones, notably abscisic acid (ABA), a known antagonist of BR signaling. Reduced ABA response in plants overexpressing BEE1 suggests that BEE proteins may function as signaling intermediates in multiple pathways.




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