A Deer (Subfamily Cervinae) Genetic Linkage Map and the Evolution of Ruminant Genomes

A Deer (Subfamily Cervinae) Genetic Linkage Map and the Evolution of Ruminant Genomes

Jon Slate^a, Tracey C. Van Stijn^b, Rayna M. Anderson^a, K. Mary McEwan^a, Nauman J. Maqbool^a, Helen C. Mathias^b, Matthew J. Bixley^a, Deirdre R. Stevens^a, Adrian J. Molenaar^c, Jonathan E. Beever^d, Susan M. Galloway^b, and Michael L. Tate^a
^a AgResearch, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel, New Zealand,
^b AgResearch, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand,
^c AgResearch, Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton, New Zealand
^d Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801

Corresponding author: Jon Slate, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Puddle Alley, Mosgiel, Private Bag 50034, New Zealand., jon.slate{at}agresearch.co.nz (E-mail)

Communicating editor: N. A. JENKINS

Comparative maps between ruminant species and humans are increasinglyimportant tools for the discovery of genes underlying economicallyimportant traits. In this article we present a primary linkagemap of the deer genome derived from an interspecies hybrid betweenred deer (Cervus elaphus) and Père David's deer (Elaphurusdavidianus). The map is $~$ 2500 cM long and contains >600 markersincluding both evolutionary conserved type I markers and highlypolymorphic type II markers (microsatellites). Comparative mappingby annotation and sequence similarity (COMPASS) was demonstratedto be a useful tool for mapping bovine and ovine ESTs in deer.Using marker order as a phylogenetic character and comparativemap information from human, mouse, deer, cattle, and sheep,we reconstructed the karyotype of the ancestral Pecoran mammaland identified the chromosome rearrangements that have occurredin the sheep, cattle, and deer lineages. The deer map and interspecieshybrid pedigrees described here are a valuable resource for(1) predicting the location of orthologs to human genes in ruminants,(2) mapping QTL in farmed and wild deer populations, and (3)ruminant phylogenetic studies.

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