Genetics, Vol. 159, 1479-1489, December 2001, Copyright © 2001

Sit4p Protein Phosphatase Is Required for Sensitivity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Kluyveromyces lactis Zymocin

Daniel Jablonowskia, Andrew R. Butlerb, Lars Fichtnera, Donald Gardinerb, Raffael Schaffratha, and Michael J. R. Starkb
a Institut für Genetik, Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120 Halle (Salle), Germany
b Division of Gene Regulation & Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom

Corresponding author: Michael J. R. Stark, Division of Gene Regulation & Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom., m.j.r.stark{at}dundee.ac.uk (E-mail)

Communicating editor: P. RUSSELL

We have identified two Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes that, in high copy, confer resistance to Kluyveromyces lactis zymocin, an inhibitor that blocks cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle prior to budding and DNA replication. One gene (GRX3) encodes a glutaredoxin and is likely to act at the level of zymocin entry into sensitive cells, while the other encodes Sap155p, one of a family of four related proteins that function positively and interdependently with the Sit4p protein phosphatase. Increased SAP155 dosage protects cells by influencing the sensitivity of the intracellular target and is unique among the four SAP genes in conferring zymocin resistance in high copy, but is antagonized by high-copy SAP185 or SAP190. Since cells lacking SIT4 or deleted for both SAP185 and SAP190 are also zymocin resistant, our data support a model whereby high-copy SAP155 promotes resistance by competition with the endogenous levels of SAP185 and SAP190 expression. Zymocin sensitivity therefore requires a Sap185p/Sap190p-dependent function of Sit4p protein phosphatase. Mutations affecting the RNA polymerase II Elongator complex also confer K. lactis zymocin resistance. Since sit4{Delta} and SAP-deficient strains share in common several other phenotypes associated with Elongator mutants, Elongator function may be a Sit4p-dependent process.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 RNAHome page
B. Huang, J. Lu, and A. S. Bystrom
A genome-wide screen identifies genes required for formation of the wobble nucleoside 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
RNA, October 1, 2008; 14(10): 2183 - 2194.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 GeneticsHome page
D. Lockshon, L. E. Surface, E. O. Kerr, M. Kaeberlein, and B. K. Kennedy
The Sensitivity of Yeast Mutants to Oleic Acid Implicates the Peroxisome and Other Processes in Membrane Function
Genetics, January 1, 2007; 175(1): 77 - 91.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
N.-H. Cheng, J.-Z. Liu, A. Brock, R. S. Nelson, and K. D. Hirschi
AtGRXcp, an Arabidopsis Chloroplastic Glutaredoxin, Is Critical for Protection against Protein Oxidative Damage
J. Biol. Chem., September 8, 2006; 281(36): 26280 - 26288.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
B. Stefansson and D. L. Brautigan
Protein Phosphatase 6 Subunit with Conserved Sit4-associated Protein Domain Targets I{kappa}B{epsilon}
J. Biol. Chem., August 11, 2006; 281(32): 22624 - 22634.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eukaryot CellHome page
C. M. A. Manlandro, D. H. Haydon, and A. G. Rosenwald
Ability of Sit4p To Promote K+ Efflux via Nha1p Is Modulated by Sap155p and Sap185p
Eukaryot. Cell, June 1, 2005; 4(6): 1041 - 1049.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eukaryot CellHome page
S. Zink, C. Mehlgarten, H. K. Kitamoto, J. Nagase, D. Jablonowski, R. C. Dickson, M. J. R. Stark, and R. Schaffrath
Mannosyl-Diinositolphospho-Ceramide, the Major Yeast Plasma Membrane Sphingolipid, Governs Toxicity of Kluyveromyces lactis Zymocin
Eukaryot. Cell, May 1, 2005; 4(5): 879 - 889.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 GeneticsHome page
M. K. Shirra, S. E. Rogers, D. E. Alexander, and K. M. Arndt
The Snf1 Protein Kinase and Sit4 Protein Phosphatase Have Opposing Functions in Regulating TATA-Binding Protein Association With the Saccharomyces cerevisiae INO1 Promoter
Genetics, April 1, 2005; 169(4): 1957 - 1972.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Cell. Biol.Home page
J. R. Rohde, S. Campbell, S. A. Zurita-Martinez, N. S. Cutler, M. Ashe, and M. E. Cardenas
TOR Controls Transcriptional and Translational Programs via Sap-Sit4 Protein Phosphatase Signaling Effectors
Mol. Cell. Biol., October 1, 2004; 24(19): 8332 - 8341.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Cell Sci.Home page
A. M. Munson, D. H. Haydon, S. L. Love, G. L. Fell, V. R. Palanivel, and A. G. Rosenwald
Yeast ARL1 encodes a regulator of K+ influx
J. Cell Sci., May 1, 2004; 117(11): 2309 - 2320.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Biol. CellHome page
D. Jablonowski, L. Fichtner, M. J.R. Stark, and R. Schaffrath
The Yeast Elongator Histone Acetylase Requires Sit4-dependent Dephosphorylation for Toxin-Target Capacity
Mol. Biol. Cell, March 1, 2004; 15(3): 1459 - 1469.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
F. Frohloff, D. Jablonowski, L. Fichtner, and R. Schaffrath
Subunit Communications Crucial for the Functional Integrity of the Yeast RNA Polymerase II Elongator (gamma -Toxin Target (TOT)) Complex
J. Biol. Chem., January 3, 2003; 278(2): 956 - 961.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
D. Jablonowski and R. Schaffrath
Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNA Polymerase II Is Affected by Kluyveromyces lactis Zymocin
J. Biol. Chem., July 12, 2002; 277(29): 26276 - 26280.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]