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Contrasting Patterns of Polymorphisms at the ABO-Secretor Gene (FUT2) and Plasma 
(1,3)Fucosyltransferase Gene (FUT6) in Human Populations
Yoshiro Kodaa,
Hidenori Tachidab,
Hao Panga,
Yuhua Liua,
Mikiko Soejimaa,
Abbas A. Ghaderic,
Osamu Takenakad, and
Hiroshi Kimuraa
a Division of Human Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan,
b Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan,
c Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
d Department of Biochemistry, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama 484-0002, Japan
Corresponding author: Hiroshi Kimura, Department of Forensic Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan., hkimura{at}med.kurume-u.ac.jp (E-mail)
Communicating editor: N. TAKAHATA
1 kb) of FUT2 [ABO-Secretor type (1,2)fucosyltransferase] and of FUT6 [plasma (1,3)fucosyltransferase] were analyzed for allelic polymorphism by direct sequencing in five populations. The nucleotide diversities of FUT2 estimated from pairwise sequence differences were 0.0045, 0.0042, 0.0042, 0.0009, and 0.0008 in Africans, European-Africans, Iranians, Chinese, and Japanese, respectively. The nucleotide diversities of FUT6 were 0.0024, 0.0016, 0.0015, 0.0017, and 0.0020 in Africans, European-Africans, Iranians, Chinese, and Japanese, respectively. At FUT2, excesses in pairwise sequence differences compared to the number of polymorphic sites as indicated by a significantly positive Tajima's D were observed in European-Africans and in Iranians. The data do not fit expectations of the equilibrium neutral model with an infinite number of sites. On the other hand, Tajima's D's at FUT6 in each of the five populations and at FUT2 in Africans, Chinese, and Japanese were not significantly different from zero. FST between the Asians and the others measured at FUT2 was higher than at FUT6. These results suggest that natural selection was responsible for the generation of the FUT2 polymorphism in European-Africans and in Iranians.
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