Interaction of the Repressors Nrg1 and Nrg2 With the Snf1 Protein Kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Corresponding author: Marian Carlson, Columbia University, 701 W. 168th St., HSC922, New York, NY 10032., mbc1{at}columbia.edu (E-mail)

Communicating editor: F. WINSTON

The Snf1 protein kinase is essential for the transcription of glucose-repressed genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We identified Nrg2 as a protein that interacts with Snf1 in the two-hybrid system. Nrg2 is a C₂H₂ zinc-finger protein that is homologous to Nrg1, a repressor of the glucose- and Snf1-regulated STA1 (glucoamylase) gene. Snf1 also interacts with Nrg1 in the two-hybrid system and co-immunoprecipitates with both Nrg1 and Nrg2 from cell extracts. A LexA fusion to Nrg2 represses transcription from a promoter containing LexA binding sites, indicating that Nrg2 also functions as a repressor. An Nrg1 fusion to green fluorescent protein is localized to the nucleus, and this localization is not regulated by carbon source. Finally, we show that VP16 fusions to Nrg1 and Nrg2 allow low-level expression of SUC2 in glucose-grown cells, and we present evidence that Nrg1 and Nrg2 contribute to glucose repression of the DOG2 gene. These results suggest that Nrg1 and Nrg2 are direct or indirect targets of the Snf1 kinase and function in glucose repression of a subset of Snf1-regulated genes.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				N. Y. Villa, B. R. Kupchak, I. Garitaonandia, J. L. Smith, E. Alonso, C. Alford, L. A. Cowart, Y. A. Hannun, and T. J. Lyons Sphingolipids Function as Downstream Effectors of a Fungal PAQR Mol. Pharmacol., April 1, 2009; 75(4): 866 - 875. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Ye, K. Elbing, and S. Hohmann The pathway by which the yeast protein kinase Snf1p controls acquisition of sodium tolerance is different from that mediating glucose regulation Microbiology, September 1, 2008; 154(9): 2814 - 2826. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Hlynialuk, R. Schierholtz, A. Vernooy, and G. van der Merwe Nsf1/Ypl230w participates in transcriptional activation during non-fermentative growth and in response to salt stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Microbiology, August 1, 2008; 154(8): 2482 - 2491. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Ruiz and J. Arino Function and Regulation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ENA Sodium ATPase System Eukaryot. Cell, December 1, 2007; 6(12): 2175 - 2183. [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Platara, A. Ruiz, R. Serrano, A. Palomino, F. Moreno, and J. Arino The Transcriptional Response of the Yeast Na+-ATPase ENA1 Gene to Alkaline Stress Involves Three Main Signaling Pathways J. Biol. Chem., December 1, 2006; 281(48): 36632 - 36642. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. L. Cramer, Q. D. Gerrald, C. B. Nichols, M. S. Price, and J. A. Alspaugh Transcription Factor Nrg1 Mediates Capsule Formation, Stress Response, and Pathogenesis in Cryptococcus neoformans. Eukaryot. Cell, July 1, 2006; 5(7): 1147 - 1156. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. M. Santangelo Glucose Signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., March 1, 2006; 70(1): 253 - 282. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. K. Vyas, C. D. Berkey, T. Miyao, and M. Carlson Repressors Nrg1 and Nrg2 Regulate a Set of Stress-Responsive Genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Eukaryot. Cell, November 1, 2005; 4(11): 1882 - 1891. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Rothfels, J. C. Tanny, E. Molnar, H. Friesen, C. Commisso, and J. Segall Components of the ESCRT Pathway, DFG16, and YGR122w Are Required for Rim101 To Act as a Corepressor with Nrg1 at the Negative Regulatory Element of the DIT1 Gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mol. Cell. Biol., August 1, 2005; 25(15): 6772 - 6788. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. S. Kim, S. B. Lee, and H. S. Kang Glucose Repression of STA1 Expression Is Mediated by the Nrg1 and Sfl1 Repressors and the Srb8-11 Complex Mol. Cell. Biol., September 1, 2004; 24(17): 7695 - 7706. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. D. Berkey, V. K. Vyas, and M. Carlson Nrg1 and Nrg2 Transcriptional Repressors Are Differently Regulated in Response to Carbon Source Eukaryot. Cell, April 1, 2004; 3(2): 311 - 317. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Dubacq, A. Chevalier, and C. Mann The Protein Kinase Snf1 Is Required for Tolerance to the Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibitor Hydroxyurea Mol. Cell. Biol., March 15, 2004; 24(6): 2560 - 2572. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Kaniak, Z. Xue, D. Macool, J.-H. Kim, and M. Johnston Regulatory Network Connecting Two Glucose Signal Transduction Pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Eukaryot. Cell, February 1, 2004; 3(1): 221 - 231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. T. Young, K. M. Dombek, C. Tachibana, and T. Ideker Multiple Pathways Are Co-regulated by the Protein Kinase Snf1 and the Transcription Factors Adr1 and Cat8 J. Biol. Chem., July 3, 2003; 278(28): 26146 - 26158. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. K. Vyas, S. Kuchin, C. D. Berkey, and M. Carlson Snf1 Kinases with Different {beta}-Subunit Isoforms Play Distinct Roles in Regulating Haploid Invasive Growth Mol. Cell. Biol., February 15, 2003; 23(4): 1341 - 1348. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. M. Lamb and A. P. Mitchell The Transcription Factor Rim101p Governs Ion Tolerance and Cell Differentiation by Direct Repression of the Regulatory Genes NRG1 and SMP1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mol. Cell. Biol., January 15, 2003; 23(2): 677 - 686. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Kuchin, V. K. Vyas, and M. Carlson Snf1 Protein Kinase and the Repressors Nrg1 and Nrg2 Regulate FLO11, Haploid Invasive Growth, and Diploid Pseudohyphal Differentiation Mol. Cell. Biol., June 15, 2002; 22(12): 3994 - 4000. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]