Genetics, Vol. 157, 1369-1385, March 2001, Copyright © 2001

Construction of a Genetic Linkage Map in Tetraploid Species Using Molecular Markers

Z. W. Luoa,b, C. A. Hackettc, J. E. Bradshawd, J. W. McNicolc, and D. Milbourned
a School of Biosciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, England,
b Laboratory of Population and Quantitative Genetics, Institute of Genetics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
c Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland
d Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland

Corresponding author: Z. W. Luo, School of Biosciences, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom., zwluo{at}bham.ac.uk (E-mail)

Communicating editor: Z-B. ZENG

This article presents methodology for the construction of a linkage map in an autotetraploid species, using either codominant or dominant molecular markers scored on two parents and their full-sib progeny. The steps of the analysis are as follows: identification of parental genotypes from the parental and offspring phenotypes; testing for independent segregation of markers; partition of markers into linkage groups using cluster analysis; maximum-likelihood estimation of the phase, recombination frequency, and LOD score for all pairs of markers in the same linkage group using the EM algorithm; ordering the markers and estimating distances between them; and reconstructing their linkage phases. The information from different marker configurations about the recombination frequency is examined and found to vary considerably, depending on the number of different alleles, the number of alleles shared by the parents, and the phase of the markers. The methods are applied to a simulated data set and to a small set of SSR and AFLP markers scored in a full-sib population of tetraploid potato.




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