Evidence for Recent Invasion of the Medaka Fish Genome by the Tol2 Transposable Element

Evidence for Recent Invasion of the Medaka Fish Genome by the Tol2 Transposable Element

Akihiko Koga^a, Atsuko Shimada^b, Akihiro Shima^b, Mitsuru Sakaizumi^c, Hidenori Tachida^d, and Hiroshi Hori^a
^a Division of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan,
^b Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan,
^c Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
^d Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan

Corresponding author: Hiroshi Hori, Division of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan., hori{at}bio.nagoya-u.ac.jp (E-mail)

Communicating editor: M. J. SIMMONS

Tol2 is a transposable element of the terminal-inverted-repeatclass, residing in the genome of the medaka fish Oryzias latipes.The genus Oryzias contains more than 10 species for which phylogeneticrelationships have previously been estimated. To infer the historyof Tol2 in this genus we performed genomic Southern blots andPCR analyses of 10 of the species. It was revealed that Tol2occurs in 2 of the 10 species (O. curvinotus and O. latipes)and that the length and the restriction map structure of Tol2are identical in the two cases. Further, sequencing analysisrevealed an extremely low level of divergence compared withthat in a nuclear gene. These results suggest recent incorporationof Tol2 into one or both of the two species, implying horizontaltransfer of Tol2 from one species to the other or into themboth from a common source.

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