Genetics, Vol. 148, 1667-1686, April 1998, Copyright © 1998

Rates of Spontaneous Mutation

John W. Drakea, Brian Charlesworthb, Deborah Charlesworthb, and James F. Crowc
a Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2233,
b Institute of Cell, Animal and Population Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, Scotland, United Kingdom,
c Genetics Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706

Corresponding author: John W. Drake, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics E3-01, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2233, drake{at}niehs.nih.gov (E-mail).

Rates of spontaneous mutation per genome as measured in the laboratory are remarkably similar within broad groups of organisms but differ strikingly among groups. Mutation rates in RNA viruses, whose genomes contain ca. 104 bases, are roughly 1 per genome per replication for lytic viruses and roughly 0.1 per genome per replication for retroviruses and a retrotransposon. Mutation rates in microbes with DNA-based chromosomes are close to 1/300 per genome per replication; in this group, therefore, rates per base pair vary inversely and hugely as genome sizes vary from 6 x 103 to 4 x 107 bases or base pairs. Mutation rates in higher eukaryotes are roughly 0.1–100 per genome per sexual generation but are currently indistinguishable from 1/300 per cell division per effective genome (which excludes the fraction of the genome in which most mutations are neutral). It is now possible to specify some of the evolutionary forces that shape these diverse mutation rates.




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PNAS, June 7, 2005; 102(23): 8263 - 8268.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Integr. Comp. Biol.Home page
R. C. Fuller, C. F. Baer, and J. Travis
How and When Selection Experiments Might Actually be Useful
Integr. Comp. Biol., June 1, 2005; 45(3): 391 - 404.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 GeneticsHome page
J. W. Drake and C. B. C. Hwang
On the Mutation Rate of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
Genetics, June 1, 2005; 170(2): 969 - 970.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Mol Biol EvolHome page
A. Wagner
Energy Constraints on the Evolution of Gene Expression
Mol. Biol. Evol., June 1, 2005; 22(6): 1365 - 1374.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Appl. Environ. Microbiol.Home page
G. Wichmann, D. Ritchie, C. S. Kousik, and J. Bergelson
Reduced Genetic Variation Occurs among Genes of the Highly Clonal Plant Pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria, Including the Effector Gene avrBs2
Appl. Envir. Microbiol., May 1, 2005; 71(5): 2418 - 2432.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
C. F. Baer, F. Shaw, C. Steding, M. Baumgartner, A. Hawkins, A. Houppert, N. Mason, M. Reed, K. Simonelic, W. Woodard, et al.
Comparative evolutionary genetics of spontaneous mutations affecting fitness in rhabditid nematodes
PNAS, April 19, 2005; 102(16): 5785 - 5790.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 GeneticsHome page
J. Wakeley
The Limits of Theoretical Population Genetics
Genetics, January 1, 2005; 169(1): 1 - 7.
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 GeneticsHome page
S. B. Joseph and D. W. Hall
Spontaneous Mutations in Diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae: More Beneficial Than Expected
Genetics, December 1, 2004; 168(4): 1817 - 1825.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Mol Biol EvolHome page
D. E. Neafsey, J. P. Blumenstiel, and D. L. Hartl
Different Regulatory Mechanisms Underlie Similar Transposable Element Profiles in Pufferfish and Fruitflies
Mol. Biol. Evol., December 1, 2004; 21(12): 2310 - 2318.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 ScienceHome page
V. Daubin and N. A. Moran
Comment on "The Origins of Genome Complexity"
Science, November 5, 2004; 306(5698): 978a - 978a.
[Full Text] [PDF]