Genetics, Vol 143, 1699-1711, Copyright © 1996

INVESTIGATIONS

The stoned Locus of Drosophila melanogaster Produces a Dicistronic Transcript and Encodes Two Distinct Polypeptides

J. Andrews, M. Smith, J. Merakovsky, M. Coulson, F. Hannan and L. E. Kelly
Present address: Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-2715.

The stoned gene of Drosophila melanogaster is required for normal neuronal function in both adult and larva. We have identified DNA sequences that lie within a genetic region that is known to include the stoned gene and that also reveal restriction site variations in two stoned lethal mutants. This genomic region contains a single transcription unit coding for an ~8.4-kb transcript. The transcript is preferentially expressed in the head of adult flies. The isolation and sequencing of cDNA and genomic clones reveals that stoned appears to encode a dicistronic mRNA, although the possible existence of other forms of mRNA cannot be excluded. Antibody cross-reactivity shows that two proteins are translated from the stoned locus in vivo. Both open reading frames (ORFs) encode novel proteins. The protein encoded by the first ORF contains four tandemly repeated motifs, and one domain of the protein encoded by the second ORF shows similarity to a family of proteins (AP50s) associated with clathrin assembly protein complexes.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. F. Lin, J. W. Carlson, M. A. Crosby, B. B. Matthews, C. Yu, S. Park, K. H. Wan, A. J. Schroeder, L. S. Gramates, S. E. St. Pierre, et al. Revisiting the protein-coding gene catalog of Drosophila melanogaster using 12 fly genomes Genome Res., December 1, 2007; 17(12): 1823 - 1836. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Huang, E. D. Pleasance, J. S. Maydan, R. Hunt-Newbury, N. J. O'Neil, A. Mah, D. L. Baillie, M. A. Marra, D. G. Moerman, and S. J.M. Jones Identification and analysis of internal promoters in Caenorhabditis elegans operons Genome Res., October 1, 2007; 17(10): 1478 - 1485. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T.-W. Koh, V. I. Korolchuk, Y. P. Wairkar, W. Jiao, E. Evergren, H. Pan, Y. Zhou, K. J.T. Venken, O. Shupliakov, I. M. Robinson, et al. Eps15 and Dap160 control synaptic vesicle membrane retrieval and synapse development J. Cell Biol., July 10, 2007; 178(2): 309 - 322. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Ben-Shahar, K. Nannapaneni, T. L. Casavant, T. E. Scheetz, and M. J. Welsh Eukaryotic operon-like transcription of functionally related genes in Drosophila PNAS, January 2, 2007; 104(1): 222 - 227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Moniaux, W. M. Junker, A. P. Singh, A. M. Jones, and S. K. Batra Characterization of Human Mucin MUC17: COMPLETE CODING SEQUENCE AND ORGANIZATION J. Biol. Chem., August 18, 2006; 281(33): 23676 - 23685. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. A. Wall, A. M. Phillips, and L. E. Kelly Effective Translation of the Second Cistron in Two Drosophila Dicistronic Transcripts Is Determined by the Absence of In-frame AUG Codons in the First Cistron J. Biol. Chem., July 29, 2005; 280(30): 27670 - 27678. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Wang, S. Saraswati, Z. Guan, C. J. Watkins, R. J. Wurtman, and J. T. Littleton A Drosophila Temperature-Sensitive Seizure Mutant in Phosphoglycerate Kinase Disrupts ATP Generation and Alters Synaptic Function J. Neurosci., May 12, 2004; 24(19): 4518 - 4529. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. S. Estes, T. C. Jackson, D. T. Stimson, S. Sanyal, L. E. Kelly, and M. Ramaswami Functional Dissection of a Eukaryotic Dicistronic Gene: Transgenic stonedB, but Not stonedA, Restores Normal Synaptic Properties to Drosophila stoned Mutants Genetics, September 1, 2003; 165(1): 185 - 196. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Boehm and J. S. Bonifacino Adaptins. The Final Recount Mol. Biol. Cell, October 1, 2001; 12(10): 2907 - 2920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Robert, N. Prud'homme, A. Kim, A. Bucheton, and A. Pelisson Characterization of the flamenco Region of the Drosophila melanogaster Genome Genetics, June 1, 2001; 158(2): 701 - 713. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Martina, C. J. Bonangelino, R. C. Aguilar, and J. S. Bonifacino Stonin 2: An Adaptor-like Protein that Interacts with Components of the Endocytic Machinery J. Cell Biol., May 29, 2001; 153(5): 1111 - 1120. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. T. Stimson, P. S. Estes, S. Rao, K. S. Krishnan, L. E. Kelly, and M. Ramaswami Drosophila Stoned Proteins Regulate the Rate and Fidelity of Synaptic Vesicle Internalization J. Neurosci., May 1, 2001; 21(9): 3034 - 3044. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Fergestad and K. Broadie Interaction of Stoned and Synaptotagmin in Synaptic Vesicle Endocytosis J. Neurosci., February 15, 2001; 21(4): 1218 - 1227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. M. Ranz, F. Casals, and A. Ruiz How Malleable is the Eukaryotic Genome? Extreme Rate of Chromosomal Rearrangement in the Genus Drosophila Genome Res., February 1, 2001; 11(2): 230 - 239. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S. Han, L. Zhou, A. Upadhyaya, S. Hyun Lee, K. L. Parker, and J. DeJong TFIIA{{alpha}}/{beta}-Like Factor Is Encoded by a Germ Cell-Specific Gene Whose Expression Is Up-Regulated with Other General Transcription Factors During Spermatogenesis in the Mouse Biol Reprod, February 1, 2001; 64(2): 507 - 517. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A. M. Phillips, M. Smith, M. Ramaswami, and L. E. Kelly The Products of the Drosophila stoned Locus Interact with Synaptic Vesicles via Synaptotagmin J. Neurosci., November 15, 2000; 20(22): 8254 - 8261. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. E. Wilson, M. J. Powell, S. E. Hoover, and P. Sarnow Naturally Occurring Dicistronic Cricket Paralysis Virus RNA Is Regulated by Two Internal Ribosome Entry Sites Mol. Cell. Biol., July 15, 2000; 20(14): 4990 - 4999. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				H. Liu, J. K. Jang, J. Graham, K. Nycz, and K. S. McKim Two Genes Required for Meiotic Recombination in Drosophila Are Expressed From a Dicistronic Message Genetics, April 1, 2000; 154(4): 1735 - 1746. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				Y. Q. Zhang, J. Roote, S. Brogna, A. W. Davis, D. A. Barbash, D. Nash, and M. Ashburner stress sensitive B Encodes an Adenine Nucleotide Translocase in Drosophila melanogaster Genetics, October 1, 1999; 153(2): 891 - 903. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Fergestad, W. S. Davis, and K. Broadie The Stoned Proteins Regulate Synaptic Vesicle Recycling in the Presynaptic Terminal J. Neurosci., July 15, 1999; 19(14): 5847 - 5860. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. B. Upadhyaya, S. H. Lee, and J. DeJong Identification of a General Transcription Factor TFIIAalpha /beta Homolog Selectively Expressed in Testis J. Biol. Chem., June 18, 1999; 274(25): 18040 - 18048. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. A. Gray, S. Saitoh, and R. D. Nicholls An imprinted, mammalian bicistronic transcript encodes two independent proteins PNAS, May 11, 1999; 96(10): 5616 - 5621. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. T. Stimson, P. S. Estes, M. Smith, L. E. Kelly, and M. Ramaswami A Product of the Drosophila stoned Locus Regulates Neurotransmitter Release J. Neurosci., December 1, 1998; 18(23): 9638 - 9649. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Roos and R. B. Kelly Dap160, a Neural-specific Eps15 Homology and Multiple SH3 Domain-containing Protein That Interacts with Drosophila Dynamin J. Biol. Chem., July 24, 1998; 273(30): 19108 - 19119. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]