The Genetics of Reproductive Isolation in the Drosophila simulans Clade: X vs. Autosomal Effects and Male vs. Female Effects

INVESTIGATIONS

The Genetics of Reproductive Isolation in the Drosophila simulans Clade: X vs. Autosomal Effects and Male vs. Female Effects

H. Hollocher and C. I. Wu
Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544

A strong effect of homozygous autosomal regions on reproductive isolation was found for crosses between the species in the Drosophila simulans clade. Second chromosome regions were introgressed from D. mauritiana and D. sechellia into D. simulans and tested for their homozygous effects on hybrid male and hybrid female sterility and inviability. Most introgressions are fertile as heterozygotes, yet produce sterile male offspring when made homozygous. The density of homozygous autosomal factors contributing to hybrid male sterility is comparable to the density of X chromosome factors for this level of resolution. Female sterility was also revealed, yet the disparity between male and female levels of sterility was great, with male sterility being up to 23 times greater than female sterility. Complete hybrid inviability was also associated with some regions of the second chromosome, yet there were no strong sex differences. In conclusion, we find no evidence to support a strong X chromosome bias in the evolution of hybrid sterility or inviability but do find a very strong sex bias in the evolution of hybrid sterility. In light of these findings, we reevaluate the current models proposed to explain the genetic pattern of reproductive isolation.

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				Y. Tao, Z.-B. Zeng, J. Li, D. L. Hartl, and C. C. Laurie Genetic Dissection of Hybrid Incompatibilities Between Drosophila simulans and D. mauritiana. II. Mapping Hybrid Male Sterility Loci on the Third Chromosome Genetics, August 1, 2003; 164(4): 1399 - 1418. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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				J. Gadau, R. E. Page , Jr., and J. H. Werren Mapping of Hybrid Incompatibility Loci in Nasonia Genetics, December 1, 1999; 153(4): 1731 - 1741. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. Kirkpatrick and M. R. Servedio The Reinforcement of Mating Preferences on an Island Genetics, February 1, 1999; 151(2): 865 - 884. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. A. Coyne, S. Simeonidis, and P. Rooney Relative Paucity of Genes Causing Inviability in Hybrids Between Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans Genetics, November 1, 1998; 150(3): 1091 - 1103. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				D. C. Presgraves and H. A. Orr Haldane's Rule in Taxa Lacking a Hemizygous X Science, October 30, 1998; 282(5390): 952 - 954. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				X. R. Maside, J. P. Barral, and H. F. Naveira Hidden Effects of X Chromosome Introgressions on Spermatogenesis in Drosophila simulans x D. mauritiana Hybrids Unveiled by Interactions Among Minor Genetic Factors Genetics, October 1, 1998; 150(2): 745 - 754. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				T. S. Takano Loss of Notum Macrochaetae as an Interspecific Hybrid Anomaly Between Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans Genetics, July 1, 1998; 149(3): 1435 - 1450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Sawamura, A. W. Davis, and C.-I Wu Genetic analysis of speciation by means of introgression into Drosophila melanogaster PNAS, March 14, 2000; 97(6): 2652 - 2655. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]