Cytoplasmic Dynein Function Is Essential in Drosophila melanogaster

INVESTIGATIONS

Cytoplasmic Dynein Function Is Essential in Drosophila melanogaster

J. Gepner, M. G. Li, S. Ludmann, C. Kortas, K. Boylan, SJP. Iyadurai, M. McGrail and T. S. Hays
Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108

The microtubule motor cytoplasmic dynein has been implicated in a variety of intracellular transport processes. We previously identified and characterized the Drosophila gene Dhc64C, which encodes a cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain. To investigate the function of the cytoplasmic dynein motor, we initiated a mutational analysis of the Dhc64C dynein gene. A small deletion that removes the chromosomal region containing the heavy chain gene was used to isolate EMS-induced lethal mutations that define at least eight essential genes in the region. Germline transformation with a Dhc64C transgene rescued 16 mutant alleles in the single complementation group that identifies the dynein heavy chain gene. All 16 alleles were hemizygous lethal, which demonstrates that the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain gene Dhc64C is essential for Drosophila development. Furthermore, our failure to recover somatic clones of cells homozygous for a Dhc64C mutation indicates that cytoplasmic dynein function is required for cell viability in several Drosophila tissues. The intragenic complementation of dynein alleles reveals multiple mutant phenotypes including male and/or female sterility, bristle defects, and defects in eye development.

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				K. L. M. Boylan and T. S. Hays The Gene for the Intermediate Chain Subunit of Cytoplasmic Dynein Is Essential in Drosophila Genetics, November 1, 2002; 162(3): 1211 - 1220. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. P. Gross, M. A. Welte, S. M. Block, and E. F. Wieschaus Coordination of opposite-polarity microtubule motors J. Cell Biol., February 28, 2002; 156(4): 715 - 724. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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				K. Boylan, M. Serr, and T. Hays A Molecular Genetic Analysis of the Interaction between the Cytoplasmic Dynein Intermediate Chain and the Glued (Dynactin) Complex Mol. Biol. Cell, November 1, 2000; 11(11): 3791 - 3803. [Abstract] [Full Text]

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				M. Martin, S. J. Iyadurai, A. Gassman, J. G. Gindhart Jr., T. S. Hays, and W. M. Saxton Cytoplasmic Dynein, the Dynactin Complex, and Kinesin Are Interdependent and Essential for Fast Axonal Transport Mol. Biol. Cell, November 1, 1999; 10(11): 3717 - 3728. [Abstract] [Full Text]

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