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Genetics, Vol 137, 709-714, Copyright © 1994
INVESTIGATIONS |
Mapping the Heterogeneous DNA Region That Determines the Nine A{alpha} Mating-Type Specificities of Schizophyllum commune
C. A. Specht, M. M. Stankis, C. P. Novotny and R. C. Ullrich
Department of Botany University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405 Present address: Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts, Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.
Classical genetic studies identified nine mating-type specificities at the A{alpha} locus of the Basidiomycete fungus Schizophyllum commune. We have used Southern blot hybridizations to generate EcoRI restriction maps of the A{alpha} locus for 18 strains, including all nine specificities. A{alpha}1, A{alpha}3 and A{alpha}4 DNA was subcloned from three cosmids and used as probes. A unique region of DNA was found for each of the three cloned specificities. Hybridization was detected in this region only if the probe(s) and the blotted genomic DNAs were from strains with the same A{alpha} specificity. DNAs from strains with the same A{alpha} specificity hybridize regardless of geographic origin, but DNAs from strains with different A{alpha} specificities do not cross-hybridize. The results demonstrate two size classes of unique A{alpha} DNA. This unique DNA is about 4.5 kb in A{alpha}1 strains and about 7.0-8.5 kb in other strains. Transcription regulators Z and Y, which were deduced previously from the DNA sequence of the A{alpha}1, A{alpha}3 and A{alpha}4 loci, are probably encoded by all non-A{alpha}1 loci. The smaller A{alpha}1 loci appear to encode only Y and lack sequence for Z. No evidence was found for a locus that encodes only Z. The lack of hybridization detected between A{alpha} loci with different specificities suggests that the evolution of A{alpha} has resulted from extensive sequence divergence.
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