Mutations That Suppress the Deletion of an Upstream Activating Sequence in Yeast: Involvement of a Protein Kinase and Histone H3 in Repressing Transcription in Vivo

INVESTIGATIONS

Mutations That Suppress the Deletion of an Upstream Activating Sequence in Yeast: Involvement of a Protein Kinase and Histone H3 in Repressing Transcription in Vivo

G. Prelich and F. Winston
Present address: Department of Molecular Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461.

Regulated transcription of most protein-encoding genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires an upstream activating sequence (UAS); in the absence of UAS elements, little or no transcription occurs. In certain mutant strains, however, promoters that have been deleted for their UAS can direct significant levels of transcription, indicating that the remaining promoter elements (the basal promoter) are capable of directing higher levels of transcription, but they are normally repressed in wild-type strains. To analyze this repression, we have selected for mutations that cause increased transcription of the SUC2 gene in the absence of its UAS. In addition to some previously studied genes, this selection has identified five genes that we have designated BUR1, BUR2, BUR3, BUR5 and BUR6 (for Bypass UAS Requirement). The bur mutations cause pleiotropic phenotypes, indicating that they affect transcription of many genes. Furthermore, some bur mutations suppress the requirement for the SNF5 trans-activator at both SUC2 and Ty. Additional analysis has demonstrated that BUR1 is identical to SGV1, which encodes a CDC28-related protein kinase. This result indicates that protein phosphorylation is important for repression of the SUC2 basal promoter as well as other aspects of transcription in vivo. Finally, BUR5 is identical to HHT1, encoding histone H3, further implicating chromatin structure as important for expression of SUC2.

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				X. Wang and C. A. Michels Mutations in SIN4 and RGR1 Cause Constitutive Expression of MAL Structural Genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Genetics, October 1, 2004; 168(2): 747 - 757. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Hess, B. Liu, N. R. Roan, R. Sternglanz, and F. Winston Spt10-Dependent Transcriptional Activation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Requires both the Spt10 Acetyltransferase Domain and Spt21 Mol. Cell. Biol., January 1, 2004; 24(1): 135 - 143. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M.-C. Keogh, V. Podolny, and S. Buratowski Bur1 Kinase Is Required for Efficient Transcription Elongation by RNA Polymerase II Mol. Cell. Biol., October 1, 2003; 23(19): 7005 - 7018. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. D. Kaplan, L. Laprade, and F. Winston Transcription Elongation Factors Repress Transcription Initiation from Cryptic Sites Science, August 22, 2003; 301(5636): 1096 - 1099. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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				S. Yao and G. Prelich Activation of the Bur1-Bur2 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Complex by Cak1 Mol. Cell. Biol., October 1, 2002; 22(19): 6750 - 6758. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Cang and G. Prelich Direct stimulation of transcription by negative cofactor 2 (NC2) through TATA-binding protein (TBP) PNAS, October 1, 2002; 99(20): 12727 - 12732. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C.-H. Shen, B. P. Leblanc, C. Neal, R. Akhavan, and D. J. Clark Targeted Histone Acetylation at the Yeast CUP1 Promoter Requires the Transcriptional Activator, the TATA Boxes, and the Putative Histone Acetylase Encoded by SPT10 Mol. Cell. Biol., September 15, 2002; 22(18): 6406 - 6416. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Prelich RNA Polymerase II Carboxy-Terminal Domain Kinases: Emerging Clues to Their Function Eukaryot. Cell, April 1, 2002; 1(2): 153 - 162. [Full Text] [PDF]

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