Genetics, Vol 135, 35-44, Copyright © 1993

INVESTIGATIONS

Loss of Function of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Kinesin-Related CIN8 and KIP1 Is Suppressed by KAR3 Motor Domain Mutations

M. A. Hoyt, L. He, L. Totis and W. S. Saunders
Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218.

The kinesin-related products of the CIN8 and KIP1 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae redundantly perform an essential function in mitosis. The action of either gene-product is required for an outwardly directed force that acts upon the spindle poles. We have selected mutations that suppress the temperature-sensitivity of a cin8-temperature-sensitive kip1-{delta} strain. The extragenic suppressors analyzed were all found to be alleles of the KAR3 gene. KAR3 encodes a distinct kinesin-related protein whose action antagonizes Cin8p/Kip1p function. All seven alleles analyzed were altered within the region of KAR3 that encodes the putative force-generating (or ``motor'') domain. These mutations also suppressed the inviability associated with the cin8-{delta} kip1-{delta} genotype, a property not shared by a deletion of KAR3. Other properties of the suppressing alleles revealed that they were not null for function. Six of the seven were unaffected for the essential karyogamy and meiosis properties of KAR3 and the seventh was dominant for the suppressing trait. Our findings suggest that despite an antagonistic relationship between Cin8p/Kip1p and Kar3p, aspects of their mitotic roles may be similar.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. K. Gardner, J. Haase, K. Mythreye, J. N. Molk, M. Anderson, A. P. Joglekar, E. T. O'Toole, M. Winey, E.D. Salmon, D. J. Odde, et al. The microtubule-based motor Kar3 and plus end binding protein Bim1 provide structural support for the anaphase spindle J. Cell Biol., January 10, 2008; 180(1): 91 - 100. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. D. Auerbach and K. A. Johnson Kinetic Effects of Kinesin Switch I and Switch II Mutations J. Biol. Chem., November 4, 2005; 280(44): 37061 - 37068. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. J. Mitchison, P. Maddox, J. Gaetz, A. Groen, M. Shirasu, A. Desai, E. D. Salmon, and T. M. Kapoor Roles of Polymerization Dynamics, Opposed Motors, and a Tensile Element in Governing the Length of Xenopus Extract Meiotic Spindles Mol. Biol. Cell, June 1, 2005; 16(6): 3064 - 3076. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. C. Ambrose, W. Li, A. Marcus, H. Ma, and R. Cyr A Minus-End-directed Kinesin with Plus-End Tracking Protein Activity Is Involved in Spindle Morphogenesis Mol. Biol. Cell, April 1, 2005; 16(4): 1584 - 1592. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. T. Mackey, L. R. Sproul, C. A. Sontag, L. L. Satterwhite, J. J. Correia, and S. P. Gilbert Mechanistic Analysis of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Kinesin Kar3 J. Biol. Chem., December 3, 2004; 279(49): 51354 - 51361. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. T. Mackey and S. P. Gilbert The ATPase Cross-bridge Cycle of the Kar3 Motor Domain. IMPLICATIONS FOR SINGLE HEAD MOTILITY J. Biol. Chem., January 31, 2003; 278(6): 3527 - 3535. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. L. Prigozhina, R. A. Walker, C. E. Oakley, and B. R. Oakley gamma -Tubulin and the C-Terminal Motor Domain Kinesin-like Protein, KLPA, Function in the Establishment of Spindle Bipolarity in Aspergillus nidulans Mol. Biol. Cell, October 1, 2001; 12(10): 3161 - 3174. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. T. Beh, L. Cool, J. Phillips, and J. Rine Overlapping Functions of the Yeast Oxysterol-Binding Protein Homologues Genetics, March 1, 2001; 157(3): 1117 - 1140. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				I Touitou, G Lhomond, and G Pruliere Boursin, a sea urchin bimC kinesin protein, plays a role in anaphase and cytokinesis J. Cell Sci., January 2, 2001; 114(3): 481 - 491. [Abstract] [PDF]

				S. Endow Molecular motors--a paradigm for mutant analysis J. Cell Sci., January 4, 2000; 113(8): 1311 - 1318. [Abstract] [PDF]

				D. J. Sharp, H. M. Brown, M. Kwon, G. C. Rogers, G. Holland, and J. M. Scholey Functional Coordination of Three Mitotic Motors in Drosophila Embryos Mol. Biol. Cell, January 1, 2000; 11(1): 241 - 253. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				F. R. Cottingham, L. Gheber, D. L. Miller, and M. A. Hoyt Novel Roles for Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mitotic Spindle Motors J. Cell Biol., October 18, 1999; 147(2): 335 - 350. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. D. Manning, J. G. Barrett, J. A. Wallace, H. Granok, and M. Snyder Differential Regulation of the Kar3p Kinesin-related Protein by Two Associated Proteins, Cik1p and Vik1p J. Cell Biol., March 22, 1999; 144(6): 1219 - 1233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. F. Straight, J. W. Sedat, and A. W. Murray Time-Lapse Microscopy Reveals Unique Roles for Kinesins during Anaphase in Budding Yeast J. Cell Biol., November 2, 1998; 143(3): 687 - 694. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Segal, D. J. Clarke, and S. I. Reed Clb5-associated Kinase Activity is Required Early in the Spindle Pathway for Correct Preanaphase Nuclear Positioning in Saccharomyces cerevisiae J. Cell Biol., October 5, 1998; 143(1): 135 - 145. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. C. Luca and M. Winey MOB1, an Essential Yeast Gene Required for Completion of Mitosis and Maintenance of Ploidy Mol. Biol. Cell, January 1, 1998; 9(1): 29 - 46. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. A. Hoyt, A. A. Hyman, and M. Bahler Motor proteins of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton PNAS, November 25, 1997; 94(24): 12747 - 12748. [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. A. Bascom-Slack and D. S. Dawson The Yeast Motor Protein, Kar3p, Is Essential for Meiosis I J. Cell Biol., October 20, 1997; 139(2): 459 - 467. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. M. DeZwaan, E. Ellingson, D. Pellman, and D. M. Roof Kinesin-related KIP3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Is Required for a Distinct Step in Nuclear Migration J. Cell Biol., September 8, 1997; 138(5): 1023 - 1040. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. R. Cottingham and M. A. Hoyt Mitotic Spindle Positioning in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Is Accomplished by Antagonistically Acting Microtubule Motor Proteins J. Cell Biol., September 8, 1997; 138(5): 1041 - 1053. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. E. Walczak, S. Verma, and T. J. Mitchison XCTK2: A Kinesin-related Protein That Promotes Mitotic Spindle Assembly in Xenopus laevis Egg Extracts J. Cell Biol., February 24, 1997; 136(4): 859 - 870. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Wilson, M. Fuller, and G. Borisy Monastral bipolar spindles: implications for dynamic centrosome organization J. Cell Sci., January 2, 1997; 110(4): 451 - 464. [Abstract] [PDF]