The Effect of Deleterious Mutations on Neutral Molecular Variation

INVESTIGATIONS

The Effect of Deleterious Mutations on Neutral Molecular Variation

B. Charlesworth, M. T. Morgan and D. Charlesworth
Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637-1573

Selection against deleterious alleles maintained by mutation may cause a reduction in the amount of genetic variability at linked neutral sites. This is because a new neutral variant can only remain in a large population for a long period of time if it is maintained in gametes that are free of deleterious alleles, and hence are not destined for rapid elimination from the population by selection. Approximate formulas are derived for the reduction below classical neutral values resulting from such background selection against deleterious mutations, for the mean times to fixation and loss of new mutations, nucleotide site diversity, and number of segregating sites. These formulas apply to random-mating populations with no genetic recombination, and to populations reproducing exclusively asexually or by self-fertilization. For a given selection regime and mating system, the reduction is an exponential function of the total mutation rate to deleterious mutations for the section of the genome involved. Simulations show that the effect decreases rapidly with increasing recombination frequency or rate of outcrossing. The mean time to loss of new neutral mutations and the total number of segregating neutral sites are less sensitive to background selection than the other statistics, unless the population size is of the order of a hundred thousand or more. The stationary distribution of allele frequencies at the neutral sites is correspondingly skewed in favor of rare alleles, compared with the classical neutral result. Observed reductions in molecular variation in low recombination genomic regions of sufficiently large size, for instance in the centromere-proximal regions of Drosophila autosomes or in highly selfing plant populations, may be partly due to background selection against deleterious mutations.

This article has been cited by other articles:

J. E. Pool and R. Nielsen
The Impact of Founder Events on Chromosomal Variability in Multiply Mating Species
Mol. Biol. Evol., August 1, 2008; 25(8): 1728 - 1736.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

I. Hellmann, Y. Mang, Z. Gu, P. Li, F. M. de la Vega, A. G. Clark, and R. Nielsen
Population genetic analysis of shotgun assemblies of genomic sequences from multiple individuals
Genome Res., July 1, 2008; 18(7): 1020 - 1029.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

D. Bachtrog
The Temporal Dynamics of Processes Underlying Y Chromosome Degeneration
Genetics, July 1, 2008; 179(3): 1513 - 1525.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. Kawabe, A. Forrest, S. I. Wright, and D. Charlesworth
High DNA Sequence Diversity in Pericentromeric Genes of the Plant Arabidopsis lyrata
Genetics, June 1, 2008; 179(2): 985 - 995.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. Llopart and J. M. Comeron
Recurrent Events of Positive Selection in Independent Drosophila Lineages at the Spermatogenesis Gene roughex
Genetics, June 1, 2008; 179(2): 1009 - 1020.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. Ramirez-Soriano, S. E. Ramos-Onsins, J. Rozas, F. Calafell, and A. Navarro
Statistical Power Analysis of Neutrality Tests Under Demographic Expansions, Contractions and Bottlenecks With Recombination
Genetics, May 1, 2008; 179(1): 555 - 567.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

S. Ke, X. H.-F. Zhang, and L. A. Chasin
Positive selection acting on splicing motifs reflects compensatory evolution
Genome Res., April 1, 2008; 18(4): 533 - 543.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. D. Cutter, J. D. Wasmuth, and N. L. Washington
Patterns of Molecular Evolution in Caenorhabditis Preclude Ancient Origins of Selfing
Genetics, April 1, 2008; 178(4): 2093 - 2104.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. D. Cutter
Multilocus Patterns of Polymorphism and Selection Across the X Chromosome of Caenorhabditis remanei
Genetics, March 1, 2008; 178(3): 1661 - 1672.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

L. M. Matzkin
The Molecular Basis of Host Adaptation in Cactophilic Drosophila: Molecular Evolution of a Glutathione S-Transferase Gene (GstD1) in Drosophila mojavensis
Genetics, February 1, 2008; 178(2): 1073 - 1083.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A.-C. Thuillet, M. I. Tenaillon, L. K. Anderson, S. E. Mitchell, S. Kresovich, S. M. Stack, B. Gaut, and J. Doebley
A Weak Effect of Background Selection on Trinucleotide Microsatellites in Maize
J. Hered., January 1, 2008; 99(1): 45 - 55.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

J. M. Macpherson, G. Sella, J. C. Davis, and D. A. Petrov
Genomewide Spatial Correspondence Between Nonsynonymous Divergence and Neutral Polymorphism Reveals Extensive Adaptation in Drosophila
Genetics, December 1, 2007; 177(4): 2083 - 2099.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

P. Andolfatto
Hitchhiking effects of recurrent beneficial amino acid substitutions in the Drosophila melanogaster genome
Genome Res., December 1, 2007; 17(12): 1755 - 1762.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

S. Glemin
Mating Systems and the Efficacy of Selection at the Molecular Level
Genetics, October 1, 2007; 177(2): 905 - 916.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

R. Papa, E. Bellucci, M. Rossi, S. Leonardi, D. Rau, P. Gepts, L. Nanni, and G. Attene
Tagging the Signatures of Domestication in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) by Means of Pooled DNA Samples
Ann. Bot., October 1, 2007; 100(5): 1039 - 1051.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

R. J. Soderberg and O. G. Berg
Mutational Interference and the Progression of Muller's Ratchet When Mutations Have a Broad Range of Deleterious Effects
Genetics, October 1, 2007; 177(2): 971 - 986.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

S. Takuno, R. Fujimoto, T. Sugimura, K. Sato, S. Okamoto, S.-L. Zhang, and T. Nishio
Effects of Recombination on Hitchhiking Diversity in the Brassica Self-incompatibility Locus Complex
Genetics, October 1, 2007; 177(2): 949 - 958.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

C. Diaz-Castillo and K. G. Golic
Evolution of Gene Sequence in Response to Chromosomal Location
Genetics, September 1, 2007; 177(1): 359 - 374.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

S. Hutter, H. Li, S. Beisswanger, D. De Lorenzo, and W. Stephan
Distinctly Different Sex Ratios in African and European Populations of Drosophila melanogaster Inferred From Chromosomewide Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Data
Genetics, September 1, 2007; 177(1): 469 - 480.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

T. L. Turner and M. W. Hahn
Locus- and Population-Specific Selection and Differentiation between Incipient Species of Anopheles gambiae
Mol. Biol. Evol., September 1, 2007; 24(9): 2132 - 2138.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

K. Zeng, S. Shi, and C.-I Wu
Compound Tests for the Detection of Hitchhiking Under Positive Selection
Mol. Biol. Evol., August 1, 2007; 24(8): 1898 - 1908.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

C. R. Haag and D. Roze
Genetic Load in Sexual and Asexual Diploids: Segregation, Dominance and Genetic Drift
Genetics, July 1, 2007; 176(3): 1663 - 1678.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

K. Zeng, S. Mano, S. Shi, and C.-I Wu
Comparisons of Site- and Haplotype-Frequency Methods for Detecting Positive Selection
Mol. Biol. Evol., July 1, 2007; 24(7): 1562 - 1574.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

D. J. Orengo and M. Aguade
Genome Scans of Variation and Adaptive Change: Extended Analysis of a Candidate Locus Close to the phantom Gene Region in Drosophila melanogaster
Mol. Biol. Evol., May 1, 2007; 24(5): 1122 - 1129.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. Sanchez-Gracia and J. Rozas
Unusual Pattern of Nucleotide Sequence Variation at the OS-E and OS-F Genomic Regions of Drosophila simulans
Genetics, April 1, 2007; 175(4): 1923 - 1935.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

J. F. Baines and B. Harr
Reduced X-Linked Diversity in Derived Populations of House Mice
Genetics, April 1, 2007; 175(4): 1911 - 1921.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

L. Loewe and B. Charlesworth
Background Selection in Single Genes May Explain Patterns of Codon Bias
Genetics, March 1, 2007; 175(3): 1381 - 1393.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

J. A. Shapiro, W. Huang, C. Zhang, M. J. Hubisz, J. Lu, D. A. Turissini, S. Fang, H.-Y. Wang, R. R. Hudson, R. Nielsen, et al.
Adaptive genic evolution in the Drosophila genomes
PNAS, February 13, 2007; 104(7): 2271 - 2276.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

R. Ming, J. Wang, P. H. Moore, and A. H. Paterson
Sex chromosomes in flowering plants
Am. J. Botany, February 1, 2007; 94(2): 141 - 150.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

J. Engelstadter and G. D. D. Hurst
The Impact of Male-Killing Bacteria on Host Evolutionary Processes
Genetics, January 1, 2007; 175(1): 245 - 254.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

M. A. Slotman, L. J. Reimer, T. Thiemann, G. Dolo, E. Fondjo, and G. C. Lanzaro
Reduced Recombination Rate and Genetic Differentiation Between the M and S Forms of Anopheles gambiae s.s.
Genetics, December 1, 2006; 174(4): 2081 - 2093.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

M. Beye, I. Gattermeier, M. Hasselmann, T. Gempe, M. Schioett, J. F. Baines, D. Schlipalius, F. Mougel, C. Emore, O. Rueppell, et al.
Exceptionally high levels of recombination across the honey bee genome
Genome Res., November 1, 2006; 16(11): 1339 - 1344.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

K. Zeng, Y.-X. Fu, S. Shi, and C.-I Wu
Statistical Tests for Detecting Positive Selection by Utilizing High-Frequency Variants
Genetics, November 1, 2006; 174(3): 1431 - 1439.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

M. Hasselmann and M. Beye
Pronounced Differences of Recombination Activity at the Sex Determination Locus of the Honeybee, a Locus Under Strong Balancing Selection
Genetics, November 1, 2006; 174(3): 1469 - 1480.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

S. I. Wright, J. P. Foxe, L. DeRose-Wilson, A. Kawabe, M. Looseley, B. S. Gaut, and D. Charlesworth
Testing for Effects of Recombination Rate on Nucleotide Diversity in Natural Populations of Arabidopsis lyrata
Genetics, November 1, 2006; 174(3): 1421 - 1430.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

T. K. Ezov, E. Boger-Nadjar, Z. Frenkel, I. Katsperovski, S. Kemeny, E. Nevo, A. Korol, and Y. Kashi
Molecular-Genetic Biodiversity in a Natural Population of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae From "Evolution Canyon": Microsatellite Polymorphism, Ploidy and Controversial Sexual Status
Genetics, November 1, 2006; 174(3): 1455 - 1468.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. D. Cutter, S. E. Baird, and D. Charlesworth
High Nucleotide Polymorphism and Rapid Decay of Linkage Disequilibrium in Wild Populations of Caenorhabditis remanei
Genetics, October 1, 2006; 174(2): 901 - 913.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

S. Glinka, D. De Lorenzo, and W. Stephan
Evidence of Gene Conversion Associated with a Selective Sweep in Drosophila melanogaster
Mol. Biol. Evol., October 1, 2006; 23(10): 1869 - 1878.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. Khan, U. Bohme, K. A. Kelly, E. Adlem, K. Brooks, M. Simmonds, K. Mungall, M. A. Quail, C. Arrowsmith, T. Chillingworth, et al.
Common inheritance of chromosome Ia associated with clonal expansion of Toxoplasma gondii
Genome Res., September 1, 2006; 16(9): 1119 - 1125.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. D. Cutter, M.-A. Felix, A. Barriere, and D. Charlesworth
Patterns of Nucleotide Polymorphism Distinguish Temperate and Tropical Wild Isolates of Caenorhabditis briggsae
Genetics, August 1, 2006; 173(4): 2021 - 2031.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. Eyre-Walker, M. Woolfit, and T. Phelps
The Distribution of Fitness Effects of New Deleterious Amino Acid Mutations in Humans
Genetics, June 1, 2006; 173(2): 891 - 900.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

L. J. Lawson Handley, L. Berset-Brandli, and N. Perrin
Disentangling Reasons for Low Y Chromosome Variation in the Greater White-Toothed Shrew (Crocidura russula)
Genetics, June 1, 2006; 173(2): 935 - 942.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. Geraldes, N. Ferrand, and M. W. Nachman
Contrasting Patterns of Introgression at X-Linked Loci Across the Hybrid Zone Between Subspecies of the European Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Genetics, June 1, 2006; 173(2): 919 - 933.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

J. M. Comeron
Weak selection and recent mutational changes influence polymorphic synonymous mutations in humans
PNAS, May 2, 2006; 103(18): 6940 - 6945.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. Liu and J. M. Burke
Patterns of Nucleotide Diversity in Wild and Cultivated Sunflower
Genetics, May 1, 2006; 173(1): 321 - 330.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

H. Innan and H. Watanabe
The Effect of Gene Flow on the Coalescent Time in the Human-Chimpanzee Ancestral Population
Mol. Biol. Evol., May 1, 2006; 23(5): 1040 - 1047.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

E. Bazin, S. Glemin, and N. Galtier
Population size does not influence mitochondrial genetic diversity in animals.
Science, April 28, 2006; 312(5773): 570 - 572.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

C. Rydholm, G. Szakacs, and F. Lutzoni
Low Genetic Variation and No Detectable Population Structure in Aspergillus fumigatus Compared to Closely Related Neosartorya Species.
Eukaryot. Cell, April 1, 2006; 5(4): 650 - 657.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Y. Kim
Allele Frequency Distribution Under Recurrent Selective Sweeps
Genetics, March 1, 2006; 172(3): 1967 - 1978.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

S. Beisswanger, W. Stephan, and D. De Lorenzo
Evidence for a Selective Sweep in the wapl Region of Drosophila melanogaster
Genetics, January 1, 2006; 172(1): 265 - 274.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. D. Cutter
Nucleotide Polymorphism and Linkage Disequilibrium in Wild Populations of the Partial Selfer Caenorhabditis elegans
Genetics, January 1, 2006; 172(1): 171 - 184.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

T. Borge, M. T. Webster, G. Andersson, and G.-P. Saetre
Contrasting Patterns of Polymorphism and Divergence on the Z Chromosome and Autosomes in Two Ficedula Flycatcher Species
Genetics, December 1, 2005; 171(4): 1861 - 1873.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

D. A. Moeller and P. Tiffin
Genetic Diversity and the Evolutionary History of Plant Immunity Genes in Two Species of Zea
Mol. Biol. Evol., December 1, 2005; 22(12): 2480 - 2490.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

J. M. Comeron and T. B. Guthrie
Intragenic Hill-Robertson Interference Influences Selection Intensity on Synonymous Mutations in Drosophila
Mol. Biol. Evol., December 1, 2005; 22(12): 2519 - 2530.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

A. D. Stump, M. C. Fitzpatrick, N. F. Lobo, S. Traore, N. Sagnon, C. Costantini, F. H. Collins, and N. J. Besansky
Centromere-proximal differentiation and speciation in Anopheles gambiae
PNAS, November 1, 2005; 102(44): 15930 - 15935.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

J. E. Ironside and D. A. Filatov
Extreme Population Structure and High Interspecific Divergence of the Silene Y Chromosome
Genetics, October 1, 2005; 171(2): 705 - 713.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

V. B. DuMont and C. F. Aquadro
Multiple Signatures of Positive Selection Downstream of Notch on the X Chromosome in Drosophila melanogaster
Genetics, October 1, 2005; 171(2): 639 - 653.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

K. Roselius, W. Stephan, and T. Stadler
The Relationship of Nucleotide Polymorphism, Recombination Rate and Selection in Wild Tomato Species
Genetics, October 1, 2005; 171(2): 753 - 763.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

F. A. Reed, J. M. Akey, and C. F. Aquadro
Fitting background-selection predictions to levels of nucleotide variation and divergence along the human autosomes
Genome Res., September 1, 2005; 15(9): 1211 - 1221.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

I. Hellmann, K. Prufer, H. Ji, M. C. Zody, S. Paabo, and S. E. Ptak
Why do human diversity levels vary at a megabase scale?
Genome Res., September 1, 2005; 15(9): 1222 - 1231.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

J. Dvorak and E. D. Akhunov
Tempos of Gene Locus Deletions and Duplications and Their Relationship to Recombination Rate During Diploid and Polyploid Evolution in the Aegilops-Triticum Alliance
Genetics, September 1, 2005; 171(1): 323 - 332.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

E. M. Rauch and Y. Bar-Yam
Estimating the total genetic diversity of a spatial field population from a sample and implications of its dependence on habitat area
PNAS, July 12, 2005; 102(28): 9826 - 9829.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

G. Sella and A. E. Hirsh
The application of statistical physics to evolutionary biology
PNAS, July 5, 2005; 102(27): 9541 - 9546.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Hellmann, Y. Mang, Z. Gu, P. Li, F. M. de la Vega, A. G. Clark, and R. Nielsen Population genetic analysis of shotgun assemblies of genomic sequences from multiple individuals Genome Res., July 1, 2008; 18(7): 1020 - 1029. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Bachtrog The Temporal Dynamics of Processes Underlying Y Chromosome Degeneration Genetics, July 1, 2008; 179(3): 1513 - 1525. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Kawabe, A. Forrest, S. I. Wright, and D. Charlesworth High DNA Sequence Diversity in Pericentromeric Genes of the Plant Arabidopsis lyrata Genetics, June 1, 2008; 179(2): 985 - 995. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Llopart and J. M. Comeron Recurrent Events of Positive Selection in Independent Drosophila Lineages at the Spermatogenesis Gene roughex Genetics, June 1, 2008; 179(2): 1009 - 1020. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Ramirez-Soriano, S. E. Ramos-Onsins, J. Rozas, F. Calafell, and A. Navarro Statistical Power Analysis of Neutrality Tests Under Demographic Expansions, Contractions and Bottlenecks With Recombination Genetics, May 1, 2008; 179(1): 555 - 567. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Ke, X. H.-F. Zhang, and L. A. Chasin Positive selection acting on splicing motifs reflects compensatory evolution Genome Res., April 1, 2008; 18(4): 533 - 543. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. D. Cutter, J. D. Wasmuth, and N. L. Washington Patterns of Molecular Evolution in Caenorhabditis Preclude Ancient Origins of Selfing Genetics, April 1, 2008; 178(4): 2093 - 2104. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. D. Cutter Multilocus Patterns of Polymorphism and Selection Across the X Chromosome of Caenorhabditis remanei Genetics, March 1, 2008; 178(3): 1661 - 1672. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. M. Matzkin The Molecular Basis of Host Adaptation in Cactophilic Drosophila: Molecular Evolution of a Glutathione S-Transferase Gene (GstD1) in Drosophila mojavensis Genetics, February 1, 2008; 178(2): 1073 - 1083. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A.-C. Thuillet, M. I. Tenaillon, L. K. Anderson, S. E. Mitchell, S. Kresovich, S. M. Stack, B. Gaut, and J. Doebley A Weak Effect of Background Selection on Trinucleotide Microsatellites in Maize J. Hered., January 1, 2008; 99(1): 45 - 55. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. M. Macpherson, G. Sella, J. C. Davis, and D. A. Petrov Genomewide Spatial Correspondence Between Nonsynonymous Divergence and Neutral Polymorphism Reveals Extensive Adaptation in Drosophila Genetics, December 1, 2007; 177(4): 2083 - 2099. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Andolfatto Hitchhiking effects of recurrent beneficial amino acid substitutions in the Drosophila melanogaster genome Genome Res., December 1, 2007; 17(12): 1755 - 1762. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Glemin Mating Systems and the Efficacy of Selection at the Molecular Level Genetics, October 1, 2007; 177(2): 905 - 916. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Papa, E. Bellucci, M. Rossi, S. Leonardi, D. Rau, P. Gepts, L. Nanni, and G. Attene Tagging the Signatures of Domestication in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) by Means of Pooled DNA Samples Ann. Bot., October 1, 2007; 100(5): 1039 - 1051. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. J. Soderberg and O. G. Berg Mutational Interference and the Progression of Muller's Ratchet When Mutations Have a Broad Range of Deleterious Effects Genetics, October 1, 2007; 177(2): 971 - 986. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Takuno, R. Fujimoto, T. Sugimura, K. Sato, S. Okamoto, S.-L. Zhang, and T. Nishio Effects of Recombination on Hitchhiking Diversity in the Brassica Self-incompatibility Locus Complex Genetics, October 1, 2007; 177(2): 949 - 958. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Diaz-Castillo and K. G. Golic Evolution of Gene Sequence in Response to Chromosomal Location Genetics, September 1, 2007; 177(1): 359 - 374. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Hutter, H. Li, S. Beisswanger, D. De Lorenzo, and W. Stephan Distinctly Different Sex Ratios in African and European Populations of Drosophila melanogaster Inferred From Chromosomewide Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Data Genetics, September 1, 2007; 177(1): 469 - 480. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. L. Turner and M. W. Hahn Locus- and Population-Specific Selection and Differentiation between Incipient Species of Anopheles gambiae Mol. Biol. Evol., September 1, 2007; 24(9): 2132 - 2138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Zeng, S. Shi, and C.-I Wu Compound Tests for the Detection of Hitchhiking Under Positive Selection Mol. Biol. Evol., August 1, 2007; 24(8): 1898 - 1908. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. R. Haag and D. Roze Genetic Load in Sexual and Asexual Diploids: Segregation, Dominance and Genetic Drift Genetics, July 1, 2007; 176(3): 1663 - 1678. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Zeng, S. Mano, S. Shi, and C.-I Wu Comparisons of Site- and Haplotype-Frequency Methods for Detecting Positive Selection Mol. Biol. Evol., July 1, 2007; 24(7): 1562 - 1574. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. J. Orengo and M. Aguade Genome Scans of Variation and Adaptive Change: Extended Analysis of a Candidate Locus Close to the phantom Gene Region in Drosophila melanogaster Mol. Biol. Evol., May 1, 2007; 24(5): 1122 - 1129. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Sanchez-Gracia and J. Rozas Unusual Pattern of Nucleotide Sequence Variation at the OS-E and OS-F Genomic Regions of Drosophila simulans Genetics, April 1, 2007; 175(4): 1923 - 1935. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. F. Baines and B. Harr Reduced X-Linked Diversity in Derived Populations of House Mice Genetics, April 1, 2007; 175(4): 1911 - 1921. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Loewe and B. Charlesworth Background Selection in Single Genes May Explain Patterns of Codon Bias Genetics, March 1, 2007; 175(3): 1381 - 1393. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Shapiro, W. Huang, C. Zhang, M. J. Hubisz, J. Lu, D. A. Turissini, S. Fang, H.-Y. Wang, R. R. Hudson, R. Nielsen, et al. Adaptive genic evolution in the Drosophila genomes PNAS, February 13, 2007; 104(7): 2271 - 2276. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Ming, J. Wang, P. H. Moore, and A. H. Paterson Sex chromosomes in flowering plants Am. J. Botany, February 1, 2007; 94(2): 141 - 150. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Engelstadter and G. D. D. Hurst The Impact of Male-Killing Bacteria on Host Evolutionary Processes Genetics, January 1, 2007; 175(1): 245 - 254. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. A. Slotman, L. J. Reimer, T. Thiemann, G. Dolo, E. Fondjo, and G. C. Lanzaro Reduced Recombination Rate and Genetic Differentiation Between the M and S Forms of Anopheles gambiae s.s. Genetics, December 1, 2006; 174(4): 2081 - 2093. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]