GENE FLOW IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO LETHAL ALLELISM RATES AND PROTEIN VARIATION

Tsuneyuki Yamazaki ¹, Jong-Kil Choo ², Takao K. Watanabe ³, and Naoyuki Takahata ³

¹ Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812, Japan
² Department of Biology, Chungang University, Seoul, Korea
³ National Institute of Genetics, Mishima Shizuoka-ken 411, Japan

A simultaneous survey of 14 protein loci, together with frequencies and within- and between-population allelism rates of lethal chromosomes, was carried out in five (four Japanese and one Korean) natural populations and one cage population of Drosophila melanogaster. It was found that lethal allelism rates decrease rapidly as geographic distance between two populations increases, while variation at protein loci shows a remarkable similarity over all populations examined. These findings suggest that there are very high levels of gene flow in these natural populations and that selection at protein loci which can maintain substantial geographic variation, if present, is overshadowed by gene flow. There is no indication that invasion of D. melanogaster to the Far East occurred so recently that the frequencies of lethal chromosomes are still in nonequilibrium.