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THE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF NATURAL POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER. XVII. A POPULATION CARRYING GENETIC VARIABILITY EXPLICABLE BY THE CLASSICAL HYPOTHESIS
Shinichi Kusakabe 1 and Terumi Mukai 1
1 Department of Biology, Kyushu University 33, Fukuoka 812,
Japan
About 400 second chromosomes were extracted from the Aomori population,
a northernmost population of D. melanogaster on Honshu in Japan,
and the following experimental results were obtained. (1) The frequency of
lethal chromosomes was 0.23. (2) The effective size of the population was
estimated to be about 3000, from the allelism rate of lethal chromosomes and
their frequency. (3) The detrimental and lethal loads for viability were 0.243
and 0.242, respectively, and the D/L ratio became 1.00. (4) The average
degree of dominance for mildly deleterious genes was estimated to be 0.178 ±
0.056. (5) Additive (
2A) and dominance
(2D) variances of viability were estimated
to be 0.00276 ± 0.00090 and 0.00011 ± 0.00014, respectively.
(6) There was no significant difference in environmental variances between
homozygotes and heterozygotes. Using these estimates, we discuss the maintenance
mechanisms of genetic variability of viability in the population. The mutation-selection
balance explained these experimental results.
Accepted on May 21, 1984
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